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Rebuild (Johnson's Plan ("Amnesty and pardon" to any…
Rebuild
Johnson's Plan
"Amnesty and pardon" to any Southerner who would swear allegiance to the Union and Constitution and that ex-Confederate leaders should not be eligible for amnesty as well as individuals (almost always plantation owners) whose property was worth over $20,000
Southern States had to abolish slavery before being readmitted, required to repeal secession ordinances to be readmitted, ratify 13th amendment, disowned Confederate debts
Provided for the disfranchisement (loss of the right to vote and hold office) of all former leaders and officeholders of the Confederacy and Confederates with more than $20,000 in taxable property.
In May 1865, Johnson issued his own Reconstruction proclamation that was very similar to Lincoln's 10 percent plan
Lincoln's Plan
Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction (1863): reconstructed the state governments in the South so that Unionists were in charge rather than secessionists
Full presidential pardons would be granted to most Confederates who took an oath of allegiance to the Union and the U.S. Constitution, and accepted the emancipation of slaves
A state government could be reestablished and accepted as legitimate by the U.S. president as soon as at least 10 percent of the voters in that state took the loyalty oath
In practice, Lincoln's proclamation meant that each Southern state would be required to rewrite its state constitution to eliminate the existence of slavery
Held firmly to the belief that the Southern States could not constitutionally leave the Union and therefore never did leave.
Lincoln's lenient policy was designed both shorten the war and to give added weight to his Emancipation Proclamation
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Compromise of 1877
Leaders of the two parties worked out an informal deal. The Democrats would allow Hayes to become president. In return, he would immediately end federal support for the Republicans in the South, and support the building of a Southern transcontinental railroad.
Shortly after his inauguration, President Hayes fulfilled his part in the Compromise of 1877 and promptly withdrew the last of the federal troops protecting African Americans and other Republicans