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Integumentary System Chapter 5 (5.10 Aging and the effects on the skin…
Integumentary System Chapter 5
5.1
The Epidermis is composed of strata layers with various functions
Different cells layers
Thick skin
palms of the hands
soles of the feet
all containing five layers
Epidermis,dermis,subcutaneous fat
Stratum Germinativum
Deepest layer of the skin
epidermal ridges, it extends into the dermis, increasing the area that contracts between the two edges
CAN LUCY GET SOME BASEL
stratum corneum=outermost
stratum lucidum= translucent layer
stratum granulosum=3-5 layers
stratum spinosum=layers of spiky cells
stratum basal= intermost layer
5.2
Skin Color
Genetic Factors - we all have the same number of melanocytes but different melanin
Enviromental Factors- UV rays, chemicals, drugs
Physiologic Factors- Carotene could go off as orange
Hemogoblin (Hb)=pink
lack of (Hb) in dermal =blue
if you cant breakdown (hb) (liver problems)= yellow (jaundice)
5.3
Sunlight and vitamin D
skin cancers
basel cell carcinoma
5.4
The dermis is the tissue layers. that supports the epidermis
the papillary layers,
elastic and collagen fibers are present
5.5
the hypodermis is tissue that connects the dermis to underlying tissue
hypodermis contains baby fat.(reduces heat loss)
the lack of vital organs makes subcutaneous injections
5.6
Hair is composed of keratinized dead cells that have been pushed to the surface
the structure
hair papilla
hair root
hair shaft
functions of hair
hairs protect ...
UV rays from the scalp
hair for your nostrils
a sensory nerve fiber is associated with the base of each hair follicle
5.7
Glands from the hair shaft can
Exocrine glands are glands that excrete the hormones in the apical surfaces of the body. On the other hand, the endocrine glands are glands that ooze products to the basal lamina surface. The latter type of gland lacks a duct system
Sweat glands, on the other hand, are the glands that produce our sweat, as you might expect. Their main function is to protect the skin from severe dryness.
5.8
Nails are keratinized epidermal cells that protect the tips of fingers and toes
Nail body
Nails form on the dorsal surfaces of the fingers and toes
Nail bed
nail root
cuticle
5.9
Several steps are involved in repairing the integument following an ingury
Repair of the skin inguries
The blood clot, scab forms and acts as a sheild for your skin
Fibroblasts
capillary network
granulation tissue
Burns
The larger burn the more impact it had on the integumentary function
Burn types
First-degree (superficial) burns. First-degree burns affect only the epidermis, or outer layer of skin. The burn site is red, painful, dry, and with no blisters. Mild sunburn is an example. Long-term tissue damage is rare and usually consists of an increase or decrease in the skin color.
Second-degree (partial thickness) burns. Second-degree burns involve the epidermis and part of the dermis layer of skin. The burn site appears red, blistered, and may be swollen and painful.
Third-degree (full thickness) burns. Third-degree burns destroy the epidermis and dermis and may go into the subcutaneous tissue. The burn site may appear white or charred
Fourth degree burns. Fourth degree burns also damage the underlying bones, muscles, and tendons. There is no sensation in the area since the nerve endings are destroyed.
Steps of repair
Step 1: Integument Repair
• Bleeding occurs at injury site
• Mast cells trigger an inflammatory response
Scab forms at injury site after several hours
5.10
Aging and the effects on the skin
Gravity
Skin ingures become more common
the sensititivy of the immune system is reduced
muscles become more weak
sensititivy to sun exposure
the skin becomes dry and scaly
5.11
The integumentary system provides protection for all other body sytems
blood
lympathic vessels
Which of the following is the correct order of the layers
epi,dermis,hypodermis
the tissue under the skin is called the
hypodermis or subcutaneous
as cells are pushed from the deeper portion of the epidermis toward the surface
they die
The layer of the epidermis at the surface is the
stratum corneum
thick skin can be found
palms
the skin also called the
cutaneous membrane
thin skin is defined by the thickness of the
epidermis
an epidermal layer that produces large amounts of keratin is the
stratum spinosum
epidermal cells are supplied with nutrients from the blood vessels in the
dermis
Drugs suspended in --- or --- can penetrate the epidermis
oils
lipid-soluble carries
functions of the skin include
regulating body temp
an individual with excessive epidermal shedding on the scalp
dandruff
The primary mode of heat loss from the body
radiation
The pale cresent area of the nail is called the
lunula
The fold of stratum corneum over the base of a nail is called the
cuticle
the type of burn that may require a skin graft is a
third degree burn
a burn that penetrates the epidermis and part of the dermis is classified as a
second degree burn
why would an elderly person
all of the above
this type of burn appears inflamed and tender but has no blisters
first degree
The most severe type of skin cancer is most likely to develop from
melanoctyes
a rug burn is an example of
abrasion
a burn that involves only the epidermis such as a mild sunburn
first degree
glands that are located in the ear canal are called
ceruminous glands
is limited to the hair
the condition that result from clogged sebaceous glands is
acne
eccrine sweat glands
respond primarily to elevated body temp
sweat helps to cool the body by
evaporation
Eccrine and sebaceous glands differ in
all of the above
the glands hat develop at puberty are
apocrine glands
specialized sweats glands that produce milk are called
mammary gland