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Oral manifestations (Endocrine (Hyperparathyroidism: excessive secretion…
Oral manifestations
Endocrine
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Hyperparathyroidism: excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone from the parathyroid glands (plays a role in calcium and phosphorous metabolism)
Causes: may be from hyperplasia of parathyroid glands, benign tumor of one or more parathyroid glands, or a malignant parathyroid tumor
Clinical features: mild may be asymptomatic
or may have joint pain or stiffness
lethargy and coma may occur with severe disease
Oral manifestations: well defined unilocular or multilocular radiolucencies
microscopically- central giant cell granuloma
bone have mottled appearance
Diagnosis and tx:
measurement of hormone blood levelz
tx is indicated at correcting the causes:
tumors, renal disease, and vitamin D deficiency
Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes Mellitus:
A chronic disorder of carbohydrate metabolism characterized by abnormally high blood glucose levels
Caused by :lack of insulin, defective insulin, increased insulin resistance due to obesity
Type1-Non-insulin dependent 95% of all diabetes pt's
Type 2- Insulin dependent 3-5% of diabetes pt's
Oral manifestation of non-insulin dependent: Oral candidiasis, bilateral asymptomatic parotid gland enlargement, xerostomia,accentuated response to plaque,slow wound healing and increased susceptibility to infection.
TX: Nasal spray rather than injection.
Insulin pump, injections
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Blood
Anemia: a reduction in the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood
decrease in the # of red blood cells circulating
Clinical features: pallor of skin and oral mucosa
angular cheilitis
erythema and atrophy of oral mucosa
loss of filliform and fungiform papillae on the dorsal surface of the tongue
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Cancer tx
Radiation therapy
Clinical manifestation: mucositis, painful ulcerated mucosa
pt may have xerostomia due to destruction of salivary glands and may be more prone to rampant caries and oral candidiasis
also prone to osteoradionecrosis
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