Body planes and Directions and cavities

Section 1

Why do we have directional terms

Body planes

Directional terms developed for use on describing the human body

Describes relationship of one body part to another when the body is anatomic position

Imaginary lines drawn through body at various levels to separate body into sections

Directional terms created by body planes

three main body plane: Transverse, midsaggital, frontal

Transverse plane is a horizontal plane that divides the body into a top and a bottom half (superior = body parts above the other body parts)(Cranial = body parts located near the head)(Caudal = body parts located near the tail of the spinal cord)

Midsagitttal divides the body into left and right sections(frontal divide the body into front and back sections)(Ventral and anterior is body parts on the front)( dorsal/ posterior is body parts on the back)

Proximal and distal are other directional terms that describe location of the extremities in relation to the mian trunk of the body.(proximal- close to point of referance)(distal- far from the point of referance)

Spaces within the body

Dorsal cavity- along continuous cavity located on the back of body

Cranial cavity- contains the brain

Spinal cavity- contains the spine

Ventral cavities- separated into two cavities by the diaphragm

Thoracic cavity- contains esophagus, trachea, lungs, ect.

Abdominal/pelvic- also divided into upper and lower part

Three small cavities

Orbital- contains the eyes

Nasal- for nose stuctures

Buccal- mouth that has teeth and tongue

Abdominal regions

Right upper quadrant (RUQ)

Left upper quadrant (LUQ)

Right lower quadrant (RLQ)

Left lower quadrant (LLQ)

Epigastric, umbilical, hypochondriac, lumbar, iliac