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Salmon and Service - Poop Loop Lab (Biology (Plant Reproduction (Types of…
Salmon and Service - Poop Loop Lab
Chemistry
Polyatomic Ions
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What is it?
Poly: Many
Atomic: Atom
Polyatomic: Many atoms
Polyatomic ion: Many atom ion
Polyatomic ions are made of two or more atoms merged together by covalent bonds. They have an uneven amount of electrons and protons that makes a net charge.
Polyatomic ions behave like any other ions. They form new bonds with oppositely charged ions. Also, Polyatomic ions and ionic compounds together are neutral (that same as binary compounds)
Example of a polyatomic ion: Nitrate
A single nitrate ion is made of 1 nitrogen atom and 3 oxygen atoms that are bonded by covalent bonds
The 3 oxygens and one nitrogen sharing electrons together
They need to take one more electron to fill the valence shell, so thats why the charge is -1.
Nitrate can make ionic compounds with cations, just like anions.
Example:
How does this connect to our lab?
Chemistry connects to the poop loop lab because polyatomic ions are being used in our lab (NO4, NO3 & NO2). All of those polyatomic ions are usable forms of nitrogen that the plants our using to grow bigger and stronger.
Biology
Plant Reproduction
All life depends on cells reproducing.
Reproduction occurs at a cellular level of the organism.
Reproduction ensures that life exists beyond it current generation.
Eukaryotic organisms like Fungi, Animals and plant need cell reproduction to be able to develop in to larger cells.
Types of Reproduction
There are two main ways that organisms reproduce: Sexually, Asexually
Sexually
Involves two parents that both use half of there genetic off springs.
Flowers create male and female gametes (pollen + ovules).
Asexually
Only requires one parent (ex. bacteria)the off springs are genetically the same.
Advantages and Disadvantages of asexual reproduction
Advantages: The populations increase extremely fast and they can explore new habitats for a better living environment/to expand their population. Also, they don't spend any energy looking for another mate.
Disadvantages: Having the same genetics makes the whole population extremely vulnerable to unforeseen climate changes. Also, if one individual is attacked by a predator or gets a disease the population will be prone to those things.
There are numerous ways for plants to produce asexually. New plants can grow from a section of the leaves, roots or stems of another plant.
The main plant sends a runner and plants the bud.
Nutrients
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What are nutrients?
In order for organisms to stay alive they are required to take in mater from the environment.
On earth there are 92 natural elements, living things only require less than half of them. Ex. humans only need approximately 20 of them to thrive and be healthy.
The mass of a human body is mainly from six main elements: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Calcium.
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All of those elements create carbohydrates, nucleic acids and proteins that make our cells and carry out there chemistry.
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What do plants need to grow?
Plants have thousands of chemical reactions within them. Majority of the chemical reactions are very similar to human reactions.
These are the Essential elements for plants.
Plants take in their essential elements through the water in the soil. The elements are absorbed as negatively charged anions or positivity charged cations.
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The main nutrients are nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). Fertilizers that you can buy have labels of how much of the NPK ratio is used. IF the fertilizer is lacking some nutrient it will affect the plant growth.
What are seeds?
Examples of seeds are chickpeas, mung beans, quinoa, peanuts, coffee beans etc.
Seeds are from sexual reproduction.
For a seed to be created a flower must be pollinated. The pollen from the male part of the flower moves to the female part of a different flower where the seeds are formed. Majority of plants have female and male parts within one flower.
How does this connect to our lab?
Biology connects to the poop loop lab because our plants are growing through the process of germination which is the cells multiplying. That connects to plant reproduction and nutrients because plants grow when they get the proper amount of nutrients and the nutrients helps the cells multiply. This all relates to the nutrient cycle as well.
Ecology
Nitrogen Cycle
The nitrogen cycle is very alike to the water cycle
Where is nitrogen stored on earth?
Atmosphere, Soil, Oceans and marine sediment, Living creatures
The nitrogen cycle is very important to living organisms. It provides:
DNA
Proteins
Chlorophyll in plants
How do producers collect nitrogen?
They absorb useful forms of the soil.
How is that different from how consumers get nitrogen?
The consumers get nitrogen by eating the plants.
Plants essential elements are absorbed as positively charged cations or negatively charged anions. The plants absorb the elements from the water and soil
Plants and animals cannot absorb nitrogen gas so the 78% of nitrogen in the atmosphere is pointless for them.
The usable forms are these three polyatomic ions.
Plants need specific types of bacteria in the water and soil so that the nitrogen gets changed into usable forms for plants.
Ammonium
Nitrite
Nitrate
The two types of bacteria are: Nitrogen fixing bacteria, Nitrifying bacteria
Legumes
Legumes are known for there capability to fix atmospheric nitrogen, this happens because it has a relationship with a specific bacteria called rhizobia that is in root nodules of plants.
How does this connect to our lab?
Ecology connects to the poop loop lab because nitrogen helps a plant to grow. So the nitrogen cycle is the cycle on how usable nitrogen is produced for plants etc. to use. Our plants are taking the nitrogen from our fertilizer to be able to grow.
