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My Top 10 Takeaways from COMM 292 Anson Chan 7794 1755 (Organizational…
My Top 10 Takeaways from COMM 292 Anson Chan 7794 1755
Group Level
5 Stages of Group Development
Forming
Causes
Lack mutual-understanding
Lack mutual-trust
Personal Differences
Major Problem
Intra-group conflicts
Silence
Solutions / Objectives
Manage conflicts with rationality
Foster open communication
State explicit statement of rules
Establish common goal
Storming
Causes
Differing cultural background
Differing viewpoints due to divergent experiences
Major Problem
Intra-group conflicts
Role ambiguity
Role overload
Role underload
Solutions / Objectives
Manage conflicts with rationality
Team building & Bonding
Manage role expectation
Distribute workload fairly based on individual strengths
Norming
Objectives
Exert full potential from the team
Maximize productivity
Intrinsically motivate the team
Performing
Adjourning
Team Building & Bonding
Team Bonding
Objectives
Build up mutual trust
Enhance mutual-understanding
Knowing each others' capability
Knowing each others' weakness
Develop deeper relationship
Implementation
Informal gathering
E.g. Dinner gathering
E.g. Hanging out during weekend
Team Building
Objectives
Excite team spirit
Sense of belonging to the team
Sense of contributing
Sense of involving
Drill teamwork skills
Communication skills
Complementing skills
Implementation
Join team building campaign
E.g. Seminars
E.g. Interactive workshops
E.g. Team training
Role Ambiguity
Causes
Ineffective communication
Silences
Filtering
Lack mutual-understanding
Do not know other team members' strengths and weaknesses
Potential Risk
Waste of resources
Waste of human power
Waste of time
Intra-group argument
Solution
Manage role expectation
Responsibilities each role have to take
e.g. Reporting to managers
e.g. Distributing workload
Technical skills each role require
e.g. Calculation
e.g. Essay writing
Connections each role require
e.g. Meeting with clients
e.g. Contacting vendors, contractors
Better allocate human resources and other resources
Organizational Level
Leadership Style
Importance
Providing visionary goals
Establishing visions, missions, values (VMV)
Socializing and promoting VMV and organizational culture
Coaching and mentoring
Inspirational Leadership & Transformational Leadership
Motivating
Providing recognition
Rewarding
Exert all potential of oneself and others
Boost productivity for the organization
Helping subordinates to transcend their interest for the good of the organization
Becoming a leader
Learning by observing, practicing and involving
Acquiring self-leadership skills
Mentoring
Shadowing
Communication
Importance
Multiple Obstacles
Filtering
Emotions
Cultural barriers
Language barriers
Fostering Effective Communication
Choosing appropriate channels for communication
Guarantee richness
Communication should be ...
Transparant
Concise
Accurate
Rational
Decision Making
Importance
Strongly and positively correlated to job performance
Making wrong decision can cause huge losses
Multiple Obstacles
Overconfidence bias
Bounded Rationality
Easily affected by emotions and moods
Risk aversion
Too low risk-taking level
Making Best Possible Decisions
Individual
Groupthink
Must be ethical in practise
Affected stakeholders' right must be respected
Organizational Culture
Vary depending on nature, missions,and visions of organization
Positive organizational culture
Types
Encouraging listening
Welcoming
Respectful
Top management's role
Being a role model
Socializing culture
Promoting culture
Influence
Boost productivity
Reduce turnover rate
Lower the overall cost
Improve efficiency
Enhance company’s identity
Nurture sense of belonging
Individual Level
Diversity
Types of Diversity
Cultural
Norms
Religious
Habits
Demographical
Age
Races
Gender
Behavioural
Social Class
Educational Level
Occupation
Income
Causes
Globalization
Advancement of Technology
Transportation
Communication
Importance & Effects
Necessary when dealing with inter-fields challenges
Culturally-shaped viewpoints enhance comprehensiveness of solution
Making sure the solution works in different scenario / countries and is able to attract target audiences
Emotions
Expressed by verbal and non-verbal expression
Verbal
Non-verbal
Facial Expression
Gesture and Posture
Impacts
Positive
Critical to rational thinking
Influence decision-making
Negative
Employees Deviance
Production
Property
Political
Personal Aggression
Emotional Labour
Services sector
Pretending one is in a specific emotion
Causes emotional dissoance
Emotional Intelligence (EI)
Ability to perceive emotions in self and others
Understanding the meaning of emotions perceived
Regulating emotions accordingly
E.g. How to express anger without violating norms
Motivations
Needs Theory
e.g. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
e.g. Two-factor Theory
Motivators
Extrinsic
Monetary Incentives
Bonus
Comissions
Intrinsic
Recognition
Complement
Expectancy Theory
Focus
Improving expectancy
Improving instrumentality
Improving valence
Implementation
Giving constructive feedback
Celebrating success teammates achieved
Properly reward teammates who well-contributed
Goal-setting Theory
Focus
Regulate efforts
Increase persistence
Direct attention
Implementation
Setting a clear and achievable goal
