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Vaccination for risk group (Hepatitis vaccines (Hepatitic C (risk group…
Vaccination for risk group
Tick-borne encephalitis vaccine (TBE)
cause
spread through tick bites (infection with a variety of pathogens)
eating or drinking unpasteurized dairy products
symptoms
fever
headache
nausea
loss of appetite
vomit
achiness
swelling on the brain or spinal cord
confusion
sensory disturbence
risk countries
Europe & Asia: 1.central European encephalitis (CEE) virus 2.spring-summer encephalitis (RSSE) virus
eastern France to northern Japan
from northern Russia to Albania
vaccine
Who are recommeded to take the vaccine?
All residents in åland at age 3 or above
All residents in Parainen or Simo at age 3 or above
spends more than 4 weeks outdoors in the natural environment in those municipalities.
3 doses: 1st dose day 0, 2nd dose day 14, 3rd dose normal schedule. Should take boozer every 3-5 years
BCG vaccine (against TB)
cause
infected by bacterium Mycobacterium
risk group
children who are at an elevated risk of contracting tuberculosis
family who were from outside finland and stay in finland after
symptoms
persistent cough lasting more than three weeks
high temperature
coughing up phlegm with blood
loss of appetite
night sweats
weight loss
tireness and weakness
side effects
swollen lymph nodes.
small red areas at the site of injection. ...
fever.
blood in the urine.
frequent or painful urination.
upset stomach.
vomiting.
protection against tuberculosis (TB) infection.
Hepatitis vaccines
Viral hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver caused by a virus. The most common hepatitis viruses in Europe are types A, B, C and E
hepataitis A
Hepatitis A is an acute infectious disease of the liver caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV)
The disease is highly transmissible through the faecal-oral route
The case-fatality ratio is low (0.1–0.3%) but might be higher (1.8%) in adults over 50 years of age or persons with underlying chronic liver diseases
Risk group
regular people who are in need of hemorrhagic disease
close friends of injecting drug users, such as family members, sex partners, resident partners
men who have sex with men
Side effects
fever
headache
fatigue
irritability
symptoms of gastrointestinal tract
Vaccine
two injection
one administered 6 to 12 months after the first
all children at age 1
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B is a liver disease that results from infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and is spread through contact with infected body fluids or blood products.
Those who become chronically infected with HBV are at a higher risk of serious consequences: liver cirrhosis (25%) and cancer (5%)
Vaccination
HBVAXPRO vaccine
5 micrograms vaccine 0.5 ml single dose syringe is intended for people under 16 years of age.
10 micrograms vaccine 1 ml of single dose syringe is intended for adults 16 years of age and adults.
the Engerix-B vaccine .
is only for people under 16 years of age
side effects
fever
headache
fatigue
symptoms of gastrointestinal tract
irritability
risk group
Regular treatment is associated with bleeding disorders
men have sex with men
intimate drug users, such as family members, affiliated partners and sex partners
newborns of hepatitis B infection and asymptomatic HBsAg positive persons, sex partners and those living in the same household
persons who have a risk of being infected with hepatitis B and who have been exposed elsewhere than in work
sex worker
neonates of mothers infected with hepatitis C virus.
Hepatitic C
Hepatitis C is a liver disease caused by infection with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) and is mainly acquired by contact through broken skin with infectious blood
there is no vaccine available against hepatitis C.
transmission may also occur through tattooing, body piercing and acupuncture, if these are done in unsterile conditions.
Hepatitis C is considered to be the leading cause of liver cancer and liver transplants in Europe and the USA.
The infection can be cured, especially if it is detected and treated with the appropriate antiviral drug combinations. Antiviral treatment can now cure over 90% of persons with HCV infection
risk group
contact with contaminated blood
injecting drug users
those on dialysis and babies born to hepatitis C infected mothers.
Healthcare workers also have a low risk of getting the infection from accidents involving contaminated needles or other equipment.
how to avoid
should be regularly tested
Precautions should be taken, especially in healthcare, tattooing, acupuncture and body piercing premises, to reduce the risk of coming in to contact with any blood in case it is infected.
routinely pregnancy test
Injecting drug users should receive education
Hepatitis E
Hepatitis E is an acute or chronic infection with the hepatitis E virus (HEV).
In Europe, hepatitis E is mainly a zoonosis with the reservoir in pigs or wild boar.
A vaccine has been developed but is not licensed in Europe or recommended for use by WHO.
A and B combined vaccine
Twinrix Pediatric vaccine
used for 1 to 15 years of age
Twinrix Adult vaccine
is used for 16 years of age
If you have not previously received any vaccine, you can give a hepatitis A and B combination vaccine.
used when a person travels to a country where Hepatitis A and B are present in their free time. These vaccinations are paid by the person themselves.
recommended for those working in certain jobs. Work-related or work-related vaccination needs are evaluated in occupational health care and these vaccinations are paid by the employer
The combination vaccine is an alternative to separate vaccines.
references:
https://thl.fi/en/web/vaccination/national-vaccination-programme/vaccination-programme-for-children-and-adolescents
https://thl.fi/en/web/vaccination/national-vaccination-programme/vaccination-programme-for-children-and-adolescents/vaccinations-for-children-and-adolescents-in-at-risk-groups