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Urbanisation, Issues and Urban Growth (Problems with Shanty Towns (Houses…
Urbanisation, Issues and Urban Growth
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Slums
An urban settlement in which over 50% of the inhabitants lack one or more of the following:
- Durable housing
- Sufficient living area
- Improved water supply
- Secure ownership of housing
- Sanitation
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Inequality
Extreme differences between poverty and wealth, as well as in people's well being and access things like jobs, housing and education
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Urbanisation
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Throughout the world there has been rapid urbanization across the world in the last 50 years - around 50% live in towns and cities
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Industrialization - The process by which an economy is transformed from being based on agriculture to being based on manufacturing goods
Megacities
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Conurbation - An extended urban area consisting of several towns merged with the suburbs of a central city
More mega cities in Asia as more people have moved to Asia and the cities are very dense and populated with very few people living in countryside
Most mega cities near the coast as trading and importing is easier, quicker and cheaper
Spiral of Deprivation
Decreasing income levels, also leads to less disposable income meaning less spending, so less tax and government shuts down services
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Crime increases, people want to move away so sell their houses cheaply, leads to drop in house prices
All this causes environmental degradation, increasing effect of global warming
This means decreasing income levels, leading to crime and decrease in disposable income
Transport routes shut down as less tax is paid, leading to cuts in areas funded by government decreasing standard of living and quality of life
An area falls into decline after a series of events and then industry shuts down and moves out of the area, leading to loss of jobs and increase in unemployment
What is Deprivation?
Where a person's quality of life falls below a level that is regarded as the acceptable minimum by the government