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Factors Affecting Population Distribution and Urban Land Use (Natural…
Factors Affecting Population Distribution and Urban Land Use
Job Opportunities
Job opportunities attract people to live there as more jobs = more income = more infrastructure and transport
Better paying jobs increases quality of life and standard of housing, facilities and services
Heavily built up areas have more people so offer more jobs
Climate
If too hot or cold people aren't attracted to the area
Stable climate means more infrastructure as more opportunities for agriculture, parks and as a whole better life
Difficult to build in harsh climates (also fewer jobs opportunities and bad/non-existent transport links)
Harsh climates cause dehydration or starvation, sun stroke, skin cancer, frostbite etc.
Natural Resources
Lots of accessible natural resources provides opportunity for economic growth
Easier to survive and live a comfortable life
Certain natural resources attract specialist industries
Lack of natural resources is a deterrent as hard to live and few jobs available
More natural resources means more research opportunities
Transport and Access
People attracted to places with better transport links as easier to access things
Better infrastructure and economy as trading is easier to more companies situate themselves in well connected areas
Better transport links = easier to get to jobs meaning people don't need to live in expensive city, they can live outside in countryside and commute to work
More pollution leading to lower health levels
Services
Lots of services generally increases standard of living and quality of life
More opportunities for jobs
Good education = good qualifications = good future
Higher life expectancy
More social opportunities
Relief
Harder to get supplies higher up as few transport routes
More dangerous higher up - Low oxygen could lead to breathing problems
Difficult to build on a place with high relief. Also hard to maintain transport links and develop infrastructure due to bumpy terrain and cost
Building at high altitudes would ruin the view and stop beautiful scenery which is an attraction
Much colder at high altitudes means its harder to grow and find food
2 Site Types
Greenfield Site
- Situated on the outskirts of urban areas which have not yet been developed previously but are now being built on.
Brownfield Site
- Where industry has moved out of urban areas due to deindustrialisation, which often leaves behind derelict land
Deindustrialisation
The reduction in the amount of industry in an area
Political Reasons for more housing
Government cannot afford to build more houses
Building materials increasing in price
Higher levels of immigration - over 250,000 per year
Loss of greenbelt land for development - less space to build housing on
Economic Reasons for more housing
Houses are becoming more expensive - more demand for cheaper affordable housing
Mortgages are rising
People are buying second houses as holiday homes and letting them out
Social Reasons for more housing
Higher population so more housing needed generally
People are divorcing more, then each partner needs a house
People are marrying later in life so people staying single and in their own house for longer
People have second houses which are untouched for most of the year
People are living longer and are healthier so live in their house for longer