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🐣 2.1 ELIZABETH + STUFF (2.1.1: The situation on Elizabeth's…

- - - - Message: controlled what people heard
      - Courts: had their own courts with it's own rules
      - Guidance: gave people advice for their everyday lives
      - Conformity: made sure everyone followed the same rules
      - Legitimacy: supported the monarch, making her "legitimate"
  - - - Made Elizabeth the Supreme Governor (NOT HEAD) of the Church, made all priests swear an oath of allegiance
    - - Set out a way that all Church services should be carried out and made it compulsory to attend Church
- - - - The key thing which you need to know about Elizabethan society was that people were organised into a social hierarchy. This meant that some people were regarded as senior - or more important - than others. The ‘social hierarchy’ was something which everyone knew about and understood. For the people at the top, this was an incredibly important part of their identity. You will remember from the Crime course that crimes against people more senior than you in the social hierarchy (e.g. poaching, begging) tended to be punished harshly. This shows us how important this was to people.
      - The average was much higher for richer people. Elizabeth herself died aged 69.
      - The average is brought down by very high levels of infant/child mortality. If you survived until 10, you would have a good chance of living until you were 50 or 55.
      - Life expectancy: the average life expectancy for an ordinary Englishman/Englishwoman was just 35 years! However, this is slightly misleading in two ways:
      - Everyday life: Most people never left their local area in their lifetime. They had little interest in the world beyond this local area. Travel was rare. The most important thing for most people was religion, the harvest and the price of food.
      - Population: much smaller than today (only about 3 million). And of course the vast majority lived in the countryside. This majority worked on the land as peasant farmers.
      - England in 1558 was markedly different to England today. Of course, you would probably have expected that! Some of the key differences were:
  - - - Religion: Did she ease the tensions between Catholics and Protestants?
      - Invasion: DId she protect England from foreign threats?
      - Poverty: Did she make people better off?
      - Succession: Did she make sure she had an heir?
  - - - Catholics
        
        Pope is the leader of the Church, Decoration is important, Priests should wear fancy clothes, Latin bible, God and the Church can forgive sins, Priests can't marry
      - Protestants (Church of England)
        
        King/Queen is head of the Church, Decoration isn't important, Priests should be dressed well but not too fancy, English bible, Only God can forgive sins, Priests can marry
      - Puritans
        
        No head of the church, No decorations in Church, Plain clothes for priests, English bible, Only God can forgive sins, Priests can marry
  - - - France and Scotland were allies as Mary, Queen of Scots was married to Francis II who became King of France. However they were not allied with Spain as France and Spain were at war