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ENDOCRINE SYSTEM (Hypothalamus (Acts as a master connector between the…

- - - - Regulates water volume
        
        Regulates blood pressure
    - - Drives the body's response to physical and emotional stress
        
        Stimulates anxiety
        
        Suppresses appetite
    - - Stimulates release of hormones that act on testes and ovaries to initiate and maintain reproductive function
    - - Controls normal physical development in children
        
        metabolism in adults
    - - Key in childbirth and lactation
        
        controls aspect of sexual arousal, recognition, trust, anxiety, and mother-infant bonding
    - - inhibits other hormones
        
        Most notably growth and thyroid stimulating hormones
    - - Stimulates production of thyroid hormone
        
        Important role in:
        
        Metabolism
        
        heart functions
        
        digestive functions
        
        muscle control
        
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  - - - Melatonin
        
        Active in sleep cycles
  - - - Divided into two lobes
        
        Anterior Lobe
        
        Adrenacorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
        
        Stimulates the adrenal glands to produce hormones
        
        Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
        
        works with LH to ensure normal functioning of the ovaries and testes
        
        Growth hormone (GH)
        
        Maintain s health in children
        
        healthy bone and muscle mass in adults
        
        affects fat distribution
        
        Luteinizing hormone (LH)
        
        works with FSH to ensure normal functioning of ovaries and testes
        
        Prolactin
        
        Stimulates breast milk production
        
        Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
        
        Stimulates the thyroid gland to produce hormones
        
        Posterior Lobe
        
        Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) also known as Vasopressin
        
        Prompts the kidneys to increase water absorption in blood
        
        Oxytocin
        
        Contracting uterus during childbirth
        
        stimulates breast milk production
- - - - development of sex characteristics
        
        acting with progesterone promotes cyclic changes in the uterine lining
    - - brings about menstrual cycle
        
        it prevents the muscle of the uterus from aborting an implanted embryo
  - - - promotes growth and maturation of the sex organs; stimulates sex drive; production of sperm
- - - - decreases blood calcium levels
    - - major metabolic hormones
- - - - Adrenal cortex
        
        Mineralcorticoids
        
        regulate salt and mineral content of blood
        
        Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)
        
        reduces blood volume and blood pressure; mainly Aldosterone
        
        Glucocorticoids (Cortisol and Cortisone)
        
        promote cell metabolism
        
        helps body resist long term stressors
        
        Androgens
        
        males sex hormone
        
        Estrogen
        
        female sex hormone
      - Adrenal medulla
        
        Catecholamines
        
        epinephrine
        
        chemical stimulates hearts, lungs, blood vessels, and nervous system.
        
        norepinephrine
        
        chemical stimulates hearts, lungs, blood vessels, and nervous system.
- - - - Raises blood sugar
    - - Lowers blood sugar
- - - - immune functions
- - - - cause bile to enter intestine
    - - increases the releasing of insulin from the pancreas
    - - causes release of GH to cause hunger