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Endocrine System Isabel Blackwood (Glands and their Hormones (Anterior…
Endocrine System Isabel Blackwood
Endocrine 101
Major Functions
coordinate body functions by hormone secretion
control body functions by hormone secretion
regulate body functions by hormone secretion
Gross Structures
hypothalamus
pituitary gland
pineal gland
thyroid
parathyroid
thymus
adrenal gland
pancreas
gonads
ovaries
testes
Terms
Hormone
chemical messenger that travels in blood
Target Cell
cells that receive the hormone
Exocrine Gland
products travel out of ducts onto skin or membrane
Endocrine Gland
products travel in bloodstream
Endocrine Tissue/Cells
Gastrointestinal Tract
Placenta
Kidneys
Skin
Heart
Pituitary Gland
Anterior Pituitary
Structure; glandular tissue
Location; inferior to cerebrum
Function; stimulate or inhibit release of hormone
Posterior Pituitary
Structure; glandular tissue
Location; inferior to cerebrum
Functions; hormone storage
Stored Hormones
manufactured in hypothalamus
oxytocin
stimulates uterus
vasopressin
antidiuretic; causes kidneys to conserve water
Glands and their Hormones
Anterior Pituitary
Growth Hormone
stimulates growth of all cells and epiphyseal plate
Thyroid Stimulating hormone
stimulate thyroid to release hormone
adrencorticotropic hormone
stimulates adrenal cortex to release hormones
Gonadotropins
stimulate gonads to release hormones
prolactin
stimulates mammary glands to produce milk
Thyroid Gland
thyroid hormone
increase metabolic rate
calcitonin
only in children
decrease osteoclast activity
Parathyroid Glands
parathyroid hormone
increases blood calcium levels when it detects that its low
Adrenal Cortex
zona glomerulosa
mineralocorticoids
kidneys retain sodium and water
zona fasciculata
glucocorticoids
maintain blood glucose levels
zona reticularis
glucocorticoids
maintain blood glucose levels
androgen
converted in other tissues to testosterone and estrogen
Adrenal Medulla
epinephrine and norepinephrine
adrenaline
Pancreas
islet cells
alpha
glucagon
decrease blood glucose levels
beta
insulin
increase blood glucose leves
Testes
testosterone
Ovaries
estrogen
progesterone
Thymus
thymic hormones
cause T lymphocytes to become immunocompetent