Dominic Luster Autonomic nervous system
Autonomic nervous system: General visceral motor division.
Parasympathetic division: Rest & digest
Innervates with smooth and cardiac muscle, and glands.
Has two neuron pathways
Preganglionic neuron
Post ganglionic neuron
The cell body lies within the central nervous system.
Has an axon that extends to the visceral organ.
Function: The preganglionic neuron signals the postganglionic to stimulate muscle contraction and glad secretion.
General visceral sensory system
Monitors visceral organs so that the (ANS) can make adjustments.
Somatic nervous system
Sympathetic division: Fight or flight
Cell body is located in the ventral horn of gray matter.
A long axon extends from the ventral root to skeletal muscle cell.
Has 1 neuron pathway
Neurotransmitter: Acetycholine
Targets skeletal muscle
Axon innervated intercostal muscle cells.
A long axon extends from the autonomic ganglion to the target organ
Has chain or trunk ganglia
Preganglionic exons emerge from T8-L1 to innervate with the adrenal medulla.
Preganglionic synapses with the postganglionic adjacent to the spinal column.
Cell bodies are located in the later horn of gray matter.
Neurotransmitter: Acetycholine
Neurotransmitter: Norepinephrine
The adrenal medulla secretes: Epinephrine, and norepinephrine.
The only neurotransmitter that is involved with the ASNS is acetycholine.
A short postganglionic axon innervates with the target organ.
The synapses between pre and post ganglionic neurons occurs close to or within the target organ.
Cell bodies are located in the gray matter of the brain stem in cranial nerves 3, 7, 9, 10, & sacral region of the spinal cord.
Function: Is most active when the body is in one of the 4 E's stages.
Energency
Embarrassment
Excitement
Exercise
Controls ejaculation
Function:
Most active when the body is at rest or experiencing on of the 4 E's.
Controls digestion and feces elimination.
Controls the erection of the male penis.
PSNS effects on organs
Salivary glands
Liver
GI tract
Airway of lungs
iris
Heart
lens
Decreases heart rate
Increases activity of muscles and glands.
Bronchioconstriction
Increases activity
No effect
Pupil constriction
Adjusts lens for near vision
blood vessel
Adrenal medulla
Arrector pili muscle
Sweat gland
Little to no effect, vasoconstricts the coronary vessels.
No effect
No effect
No innervation
SNS effects on organs
Iris
Sweat gland
Lens
Blood vessels
Adrenal medulla
Salivary gland
Arrector pili muscle
Liver
Airway of lungs
GI tract
Heart
Increases heart rate
Bronchiodialation
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine
Contraction
Adjusts lens for distance vision
Constricts some blood vessels to increase BP.
Increases secretion
Pupil dialation
Decreases activity
Releases glucose
Decreases activity of muscles and glands.