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Endocrine System (Glands (Anterior pituitary (Gonadotropins (Follicle…
Endocrine System
Glands
Anterior pituitary
- Glandular tissue
- Sends hormones to control other organs / cells
- Hypothalamus will stimulate or inhibit release of hormone
Growth hormone
- Stimulates growth of all cells and epiphyseal plate
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Gonadotropins
- Stimulates gonads to release hormone
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Prolactin
- Stimulates mammary glands to produce milk
Posterior pituitary
- Stores hormone
- Hormone is made in the hypothalamus
- Travels from cell body to axon
- Stored in axon terminal
Oxytocin
- Contracts uterus during childbirth
- Stimulates milk production
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Thyroid
- Stimulates thyroid to release hormone
- Hormone increases metabolic rate
Calcitonin
- Active only in children
- Decreases osteoclast activity
Adrenal
- Stimulates adrenal cortex to release glucocorticoids
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Adrenal cortex
Zona glomerulosa
- Secretes mineralocorticoids
- Makes kidney retain sodium and water
Zona fasciculata
- Secretes glucocorticoids
- "Stress" hormone
- Maintains blood glucose levels
Zona reticularis
- Secret glucocorticoids and androgen
Parathyroid
- Increase blood calcium level when it detects that it's low
Hypothalamus
- Regulates metabolism and body temperature
Reproductive organs
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Ovaries
- Secrete estrogen and progesterone
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Pancreas
- Islet cells
- Alpha : secretes glucagon
- increases blood glucose level
- Beta : secretes insulin
- decreases blood glucose level
Thymus
- Cause T Lymphocytes to become immunocompetent
Tissue / cells
- Skin
- Heart
- Kidney
- G.I. tract
- Pancreas
- Gonads
- Placenta
- Hypothalamus
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Function
- Coordinate, control, and regulate body functions
- Growth
- Metabolism
- Body temperature
- Maintain blood pressure
- Sexual development
Target Cell
- Secreted by glands
- Specific cell for a hormone with a receptor that's specific to that cell
Hormone
- Chemical messenger that travels in blood