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Poisoning (Clinical presentation (TCA Reduced conciousness/coma,…

- - - - Reducing
        absorption
        
        Oral adsorbants
        Indication: <1h intake, sustained release drugs,
        drugs reducing gastric motility
        E.g. activated charcoal
        MOA: binds and reduces absorption
        SEs: messy, unpleasant, vomiting, asp pneumonitis, constipation
        CIs: drugs that don't bind (LI, Fe, cyanide, alcohol, ethylene glycol, methanol, organophosphates)
        
        Gastric lavage
        Indication: <1h ingestion lift-tx amount
        MOA: large tube via mouth into stomach,
        aspirate to check position, add lavage
        NB: does not remove solids
        SEs: hypoxia, asp pneumonia, oesophageal perf
        CI: corrosives (risk perf), petrol/paraffin (risk pneumonitis)
        
        Whole bowel irrigation
        Indications: sustained release, drugs not bound
        by charcoal, body packers, button batteries
        MOA: fluid down NG, empties solid contents from bowel
        SEs: N+V, diarrhoea, abdo pain, electrolyte imbalance
      - Antidotes
        
        B-blockers
        Glucagon
        Atropine
        
        CO
        O2
        
        Cyanide
        Na nitrite
        
        Digoxin
        Digoxin Abs
        
        Ethylene glycol/methanol
        Ethanol
        
        Fe
        Desferrioxamine
        
        Opioids
        Naloxone
        
        Organophosphates
        Atropine
      - Increasing
        elimination
        
        Urine alkalinisation
        Indication: salicylates
        
        Haemodialysis
        Indication: Li, salicylates, ethylene
        glycol, methanol, phenobarbitone