Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
states & nations (origins (modern state emerges (1648 Treaty of…
states & nations
origins
Dark Ages
-
no authority, roving bands of marauders
-
war made the state
from 11th century, to survive in chaos of Europe, these new political entities needed :arrow_left:
technology
e.g. gunpowder, mathematics, mapmaking, paper
-
Europe got technologies, new plants, & knowledge from Middle East & Asia
-
$
-
led to increased revenues & efficiency, plus professions standing armies
-
city-states
technology, trade, & surpluses helped increase populations
-
-
-
modern state emerges
-
-
by 1500, state territories had expanded & become more centralized
after colonization, rest of the world kept modern state as a means of organization
defining the state
a country's authoritative institutions & officials, guided by the laws & procedure structuring their activities
state institutions
-
bureaucracy
implements policies, provides services
-
-
-
-
-
-
purpose of states
John Locke
state should have a social contract with the people to safeguard the rights & freedoms of individuals, particularly property rights
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
state should have a social contract with the people to safeguard the rights & freedoms of collectives. individuals' right to have property is subordinate to the right which the community has over it
Thomas Hobbes
state should have a social contract with the people to guarantee order & security, leave humanity free to pursue art & science
-
comparing states
Scope & Strength
state strength
effectiveness
-
examples: Sweden v effective, DR Congo ineffective
-
rule of law
-
-
police, courts & military protect
measurement: WB reports on laws obeyed, police, courts, etc.
-
state scope
no. & type of things a state spends its revenues & resources on (e.g. education, military etc.)
-
-
Fragile State Index
uses a no. of indicators - 4 social, 2 economic, & 6 political & military indicators
Fragile states
-
since WW1, there's been a no. of fragile states, many humanitarian emergencies
stems from social, economic, political pressures not handled by legitimate state institutions
nations & nationalism
nationalism
set of political ideas emphasizing the distinctiveness & unity of one's nation, specifying common interests & prescribing goals for action
development
1800s: intellectuals developed idea of national identity, spurred anti-colonial independence movements
-
1500s to 1800s: idea developed due to war, state centralization, media, urbanization, & French Revolution
sparked WW1, fostered colonial movements after WW2
-
-
draw
-
middle-ground
elites cannot create it, but can tap into it
-
forms
-
hyper
virulent forms of nationalism, hatred of others
-
nations
groups of people who's members claim a common identity on the basis of distinguishing characteristics & claim to a territorial homeland
future
EU: moving away from the nation state, supra-nationalism
globalization
more interconnected, regional & transnational institutions, global workers
nationalism originate from Europe, but now moving away from it?
describing the state
key features
sovereignty
exclusive legal authority of a govt over its population & territory, independent of external authorities
-