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Endocrine System (Major Endocrine Glands (Thyroid Gland (Secretes thyroid…

- - - - Posterior Pituitary Gland
        
        Antidiuretic hormone
        
        targets the kidney to preserve water
        
        Oxytocin
        
        stimulates contraction of uterine
      - Anterior Pituitary Gland
        
        Composed of glandular tissue
        
        Hormones it Releases
        
        Thyroid-stimulating hormone
        
        stimulates thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormone
        
        Adrenocorticotropic hormone
        
        stimulates release of hormones from the cortex of adrenal gland
        
        Growth hormone
        
        stimulates growth of all body cells and at the epiphyseal plate
        
        Prolactin
        
        stimulates the synthesis of milk in breast tissue
        
        Gonadotropins
        
        Follicle stimulating hormone
        
        stimulates release of estrogen,& progesterone in females
        
        involves in maturation of sperm in males
        
        Luteinizing hormone
        
        stimulates release of testesrone
  - - - Melatonin regulates circadian rhythms during sleep
  - - - Alpha cells
        
        Secretes glucagon- increase blood glucose
      - Beta cells
        
        Secrete insulin- decrease blood glucose
  - - - Calcitonin
        
        Active only in children and decreases activity of osteoclasts
      - Thyroid hormone
        
        Increases rate of metabolism & increases energy
  - - - Adrenal medula
        
        Secretes epinephrine & norepinephrine
      - Adrenal cortex
        
        3 zones
        
        Zona glomerulosa
        
        Secretes mineralocorticoid- make kidney reabsorb HO2 and Na
        
        Zona fasciculata
        
        Secretes glucocorticoid, which helps keep blood glucose levels normal
        
        zona reticularis
        
        secretes glucocorticoid & androgen in non sex tissue
  - - - Release testosterone
    - - Release estrogen & projesterone
- - - - Secrete their product into near capillaries bed and then travels in bloodstream
    - - Empty its products on the apical surface of hollow organs
- - - - Hypothalamus synthesizes two hormones that are stored in the axon terminals in posterior pituitary
    - - Hypothalamus stimulates either a releasing hormone that allow the secretion of hormone or inhibiting hormone that inhibit the secretion of hormone from the anterior pituitary glands