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Endocrine System- MeganPederson (Endocrine Glands (Adrenal Cortex (Zona…
Endocrine System- MeganPederson
Major Terms
Function: Coordinate, regulate, control bod functions
Endocrine Tissue: GI tract, placenta, kidney skin, pancreas, gonads, hypothalamus,heart
Hormone: Chemical messenger that travels in blood
Endocrine cells: secrete hormones by exocytosis- epithelial origin-vascular
Target Cells- a specific cell that fits a specific receptor
Endocrine Gland: anterior pituitary, pineal, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal-ductless
Endocrine Vs Exocrine- endocrine travels in blood exocrine does not
Endocrine Glands
Thyroid- producing thyroid hormone, increase metabolic rate
Calcitonin-Produced by thyroid active only in children, decrease osteoclast activity
Parathyroid-detects when blood calcium levels
Adrenal Cortex
Zona Glomerulosa- Secret hormones called mineralocorticoids, steroid hormone
Zona Fasciculata- secretes glucocorticoids, maintain help for blood glucose levels, stress hormones
Zona Reticularis- testosterone and estrogen
Adrenal Medulla- fight or flight response- epinephrine/norepinephrine
Pancreas
Beta- secretes insulin decreases blood glucose
Alpha- secretes glucagon- increase blood glucose level
Thymus- production of T lymphocytes, causes T cells to become immunocompetent
Gonads- Estrogen, progesterone, testosterone
Nervous System Vs Endocrine System
Types of Target Cells- NS- smooth muscle, skeletal, cardiac glands, ES-Target cells various locations
Time to onset of actions- NS-milliseconds, ES-seconds/hours/days
Site of messenger action-NS-local site of release, ES-Near/far target cells
Duration of action-NS-milliseconds, ES-seconds/days
Messenger Molecule- NS- neurotransmitter, ES- Hormones
Pituitary Gland
Anterior lobe
Truly endocrine
Hypothalamus controls the secretion of hormones from the anterior lobe
Follicle/Luteinizing-produced by gonadotropic cells- signals maturation of sex cell and secretion of sex hormones
Prolactin-stimulates milk production in breast tissue by mammary glands
Adrenocorticotropic- produced by corticotropic cells, stimulates hormones from the adrenal cortex
melanocyte- stimulates uncertain
Thyroid stimulating- stimulates secretions of thyroid gland
Growth Hormone- stimulates growth of body and skeleton
Posterior Lobe
Stores hormones made in hypothalamus
Oxytocin- contraction of urterus
Nervous tissue contains hypothalamohypophyseal tract
Antidiuretic- vasopressin, causes kidney to conserve water