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Bonding (Polarity (Ionic Bonds (ionic 2, ionic, ionic 1, Ionic Bonds.…

- - - - In water oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen so the electrons are closer to the oxygen atom. This means the oxygen becomes slightly delta negative and the hydrogen becomes slightly delta positive
- - - - Because it contains lots of very strong covaent bonds
- - - - General formula: AX2
        
        Bond pairs: 2
        
        Lone pairs: 0
        
        Bond Angle: 180
        
        Example: CO2
    - - General formula: AX2
        
        Bond Pairs: 2
        
        Lone pairs: 2
        
        Bond angle:104.5
        
        Example: H2O
    - - `
        
        General formula: AX3
        
        Bond pairs: 3
        
        Lone pairs: 0
        
        Bond angle: 120
        
        Example: BF3
    - - General Formula: AX3
        
        Bond Pairs: 3
        
        Lone pairs: 1
        
        Bond angle: 107
        
        Example: NH3
    - - General Formula: AX4
        
        Bond Pairs: 4
        
        Lone Pairs: 0
        
        Bond angle: 109
        
        Example: CH4
    - - General Formula: AX5
        
        Bond pairs: 5
        
        Lone Pairs: 0
        
        Bond angles:90/120
        
        Example: PCL3
    - - General formula AX6
        
        Bond pairs: 6
        
        Lone Pairs: 0
        
        Bond angle: 90
        
        Example: SF6
    - - Lone pairs: 2
        
        Example: XeF4
        
        bond pairs 4
  - - - Attraction between 2 instantaneous dipoles
        
        Asymmetrical electron distribution
        
        Electrons moving around in shells if on one molecule there is more electrons at one point that atom because delta negative so the other one becomes delta positive and vice versa
      - It is the weakest IMF but increases in strength as the molar mass increases because there are more electrons
      - Gives Low boiling points and melting points
    - - Attraction between 2 permanent dipoles on polar molecules
      - Medium strength but stronger the closer the molecules are together
      - Medium boiling and melting points
    - - Attraction between molecules with N-H, O-H and F-H
        
        This is because they are very polar
      - It is Not chemical bonding and is the strongest bond
      - Represented by a dotted line
      - High boiling and melting points