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The skin (lecture 3 (Decubitus Ulcer (Stages (1) red or blue gray area…
The skin
lecture 3
Eczema
Noncontagious, inflammatory skin disorder that is caused by allergic reaction or irritant
Caused by diet, cosmetics, soaps, meds, emotional stress
Alopecia
Genetic baldness
Boils
Deep seated infection of the skin, caused by staphylococcus
Treatment with oral antibiotics or by incision and drainage
Hives
Red itchy raised areas of skin that appear in varying shapes and sizes
Can get all over your body
Scabies
Characterized by lesions on the skein that usually cause intensive itching on the patient mites are the primary cause
Two ways to get rid of it. One is by creams to kills the eggs and mothers and the other is oral medications
Cancer
three types of skin cancer
Basal cell carcinoma
Cells in the epidermis that are slow growing and usually doesn't spread
Squamous cell carcinoma
Cells in the epithelium but can spread quickly to the other ares of the body. Lesions start off small and firm up becoming scales and crusty
Melanoma
cancer of the meleocytes. Lesions can be multicolored
Decubitus Ulcer
Also called a pressure sore
Caused by prolong pressyre on an area on the body
Easier to prevent then to treat
Areas of the body that are prone to this is heels, elbows, coccys, sacrum. knees. occipital of the head, shoulders, ears, toes, hips, ankles
Stages
1) red or blue gray area that will not go away
2)abrasions bruising, open sores, top layers of skin are damaged
3) Deep open wound is formed
4) Damage extends into muscle, tendon, bone
Lecture 1
What are the functions of skin
Protection
From uv Rays, barriers to pathogens, keeps in moisture
Sensory
Pain, pressure, temperature, touch
Regulation of body temp
Reatain and lose heat, construction of blood vessels
Storage
Fat, glucose, water, salt
Absorption.
Medication
Excreation
Salt, excess water and heat
Produce
Vitamin D
Two main types of glands
Sudoriferous gland
Subcutaneous glands
Name for the skin and stuctures
Can be called a membrane becasue it cover the body
Can be called a system becasue it has many organs that work together
Can be called an organ becasue is has many tissues
On average skin cover 3,000 square inches and has a total of 15% of total weight of body
The three layers of skin are: epidermis, dermis, hypodermis
Dermis
Called the true skin or corium
Has elastic, convective, blood vessels, lymph vessels, swear and oil glands, ext.
Epidermis
Outer most layer of skin
Made out is smaller layers (has no blood vessels or nerves)
Stratum corneum: outermost layer
Stratum gerinativum: inner most layer
Hypodermis
Innermost layer of the skin
Made up of elastic fibers along with adipose
Skin color
Melanin
Makes skin a brownish black
Coratere
A yellowish red
Lecture 2
Abnormal skin color
Albino
Absent of color pigment
Erythema
Reddish color caused by burns or congestion of blood vessels
Jaundice
Yellow discoloration caused by the presence of bile in blood
Cyanosis
Bluish discoloration caused by lack of oxygen
Skin eruption
Vesicles
Blisters or sacs full of fluid
Papules
Firm raised creases of the skin
Crusts/scabs
Areas of dried puss and blood
Pustules
Sacs filled with puss
Wheals
Itchy elevated crease with irregular shape
Macules
Flats spots on the skin
Ulcer
Deep loss of skin surface that may extend into the dermis
Disease and abnormal conditions
Impetigo
Contagious skin infection characterized by yellow crusty sores
Lesions
Should be washed with soap and kept clean and dry
Warts/ verraca
Viral infections characterized by rough hard elevated area on the skin
Dermatitis
Inflammation of the skin caused by any substance that is irritating it
Acne vulgaris
Inflammation of the sebaceous glands
Athletes foot
Contagious fungal infection that itches blisters and cracks into open sores
Psoriasis
Chronic non contagious inherited skin disease
Ring worm
Highly contagious fungal infection of the skin or scalp