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Chemistry (Changes (CHEMICAL CHANGE: Chemical changes are a usually…
Chemistry
Changes
CHEMICAL CHANGE: Chemical changes are a usually irreversible chemical reactions involving the rearrangement of the atoms of one or more substances and a change in their chemical properties or composition, resulting in the formation of at least one new substance.
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THERMAL ENERGY: Thermal energy comes from the kinetic energy of the molecules. As the kinetic energy (the motion) of the molecules increase, they will become 'hotter' and the molecule will have more thermal energy and vice versa.
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CHEMICAL PROPERTY: any of a material's properties that becomes evident during, or after, a chemical reaction; that is, any quality that can be established only by changing a substance's chemical identity.
Examples: Flammability, oxidation, toxicity
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Examples: Burning wood, souring milk, frying an egg
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Physical Change:a usually reversible change in the physical properties of a substance, as size or shape
Ex: Freezing water, melting metal, boiling water
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Matter
Element: The simplest type of pure substance.
EX. Helium, Hydrogen, and Oxygen
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4 standards
PS1-2. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred.
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PS1-5. Use a model to explain that atoms are rearranged during a chemical reaction to form new substances with new properties. Explain that the atoms present in the reactants are all present in the products and thus the total number of atoms is conserved.
PS1-4. Develop a model that describes and predicts changes in particle motion, relative spatial arrangement, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.
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CLOSED SYSTEM: a model which demonstrates that all of the atoms that go into a reaction are present in the products of the reaction, even though they may be rearranged into new and different substances.
Balanced equation, a chemical equation in which there is an equal amount of atoms of each element on each side of the equation demonstrating conservation of mass.
Coefficient: number that is placed in front of a symbol or a formula in a chemical equation that indicates how many atoms or molecules of this substance are involved in the reaction.
Subscript: Number placed to the lower right of a chemical symbol to indicate the number of atoms of the element in the compound.
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PHASE: Synonymous with State: solid, liquid, gas.
STATE: Synonymous with Phase: solid, liquid, gas.
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