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Dominic Luster Respiratory system: (Pharynx: Passageway for food and air.,…
Dominic Luster Respiratory system:
Function: Exchange of oxygen (in) and carbon dioxide (out).
Inhalation
To breath in.
Exhalation
To breath out
Respiration
Internal
Exchange of gases between blood & tissue cells.
External
Exchange of gasses between our lungs and blood.
Respiratory tract
Conducting
Moving something from one place to another. Nose and mouth to respiratory brochioles.
Respiratory
Goes from the respiratory bronchrioles to the alveoli.
Anatomical position
Lower
Goes from the larynx to the alveoli.
Upper
Goes from the nose and mouth to the pharynx.
nasal cavity
Conchae
Create turbulence so that air comes into contact with the mucosa.
Cleans, warms, & humidify's the air.
Epithelium
Psuedostratified ciliated columnar epithelium.
Paranasal sinuses
Maxillary, ethmoid, sphenoid, frontal
All lined with mucus membrane, the epithelium is PCCE, warms, cleans, and humidifies, gives resonance to our voice.
Pharynx: Passageway for food and air.
Oropharynx
Has stratified squamous epithelium.
Laryngopharnx
Has stratified squamous epithelium.
Nasopharynx
has PCCE
Tonsils
Larynx
Epiglottis:
Keeps food/air moving in the correct direction.
Glottis:
An opening in the vocal folds.
Function:
Voice production, Provides an open airway.
Vocal folds:
Regulate the airflow and produce sounds used for speech.
Trachea
Structure:
Has partial hyaline cartilage rings surrounding it, Where the rings stop is where the trachealis muscle is, consists of PCCE.
Is located anterior to the esophagus.
Function:
Passageway for air while moving to the lungs.
Bronchial tree
Bronchioles
Less than 1mm in diameter.
Surrounded by bands of smooth muscle.
Bronchi
Is anything larger than bronchioles, are rings of cartilages as we get smaller and smaller the less cartilage there is.
Surrounded by bands of smooth muscle.
Very small parts of the bronchi tree
Have no: cartilage, cilia, or goblet cells.
Air's order of travel:
Terminal bronchiole, respiratory bronchioles, alveolar duct, alveolar sack.
Alveoli
Type 2
Cubodial, produce sunfactant which allow alveoli to not stick together while exhaling.
Macrophage
Destroys pathogens that may try to enter the lungs.
Type 1
Simple squamous, exchange gases.
Structure:
Each alveolar sac is covered in capillaries.
Respiratory membrane
Includes the wall of the alveolus (simple squamous), and basement membrane, and capillaries (simple squamous).
Lung
Left lobe
Has two lobes, also has a notch which is the cardiac notch a place for the heart.
Mediastinum
Includes: heart, thymus, great vessels, lower part of the esophagus and trachea.
Right lobe
Has three lobes