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Respiratory System (Nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses & pharynx (Nasal…

- - - - Conchae
        
        create turbulence to increase contact of incoming air with mucosa
    - - Pseudo-stratified ciliated columnar epithelium
    - - Clean,warm, and humidify the incoming air
  - - - Pseudo-stratified ciliated columnar epithelium
    - - to provide voice resonance
    - - Located in the frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, and maxillary bones
      - Ring of air-filled cavities surrounding the nasal cavity
  - - - Pseudo-stratified ciliated columnar epithelium present at nasopharynx
      - Stratified squamous epithelium present at oropharynx and laryngopharynx
    - - 3 subdivision of pharynx
        
        oropharynx
        
        Both swallowed food and air pass through it.
        
        laryngopharynx
        
        Serves as common passageway for food and air
        
        Nasopharynx
        
        serves only as an air passageway
    - - passageway for food, drinks and air
- - - - Larger
      - Cartiliga is present
      - Pseudo-stratified ciliated columnar epithelium is present
    - - Microscopic; less than 1 mm in diameter
      - Has Pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium; no cilia
      - Has no cartilage
      - ANS Effect
        
        PSN
        
        Constricts bronchioles
        
        SNS
        
        Dilate bronchioles
  - - - Bronchioles to
        
        terminal bronchioles to
        
        respiratory bronchioles
        
        alveolar ducts
        
        alveolar sacs and alveoli
  - - - Most abundant
      - Compose of one layer of simple squamous epithelium
    - - Cuboidal epithelial cells
      - Secret surfactant that prevents alveolar walls from sticking together
    - - Destroy trapped particles
    - - Composed of two layers that are fused together
        
        alveolar epithelium
        
        single layer of squamous epithelial cells
        
        Capillary endothelium
- - - - Serves to cover the larynx to prevent food and drinks going into the lungs
    - - Composed of two vocal folds and an opening between the two vocal folds
      - Functions
        
        Vibrates to produce sounds of speech
    - - Pseudostartified ciliated columnar epithelium inferior to the vocal folds
      - Stratified squamous epithelium superior part
- - - - Nose/mouth to bronchioles
      - Functions to
        
        Carry air to the sites o gas exchange
        
        filter, humidify, and warm the incoming air
    - - Bronchioles to alveolar sacs
      - site of gas exchange in the lungs
- - - - cover external surface of the lungs
    - - covers internal surface of the thoracic wall
    - - filled with serous fluid