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Soil Composition or Soil Constitution - Coggle Diagram
Soil Composition or Soil Constitution
Inorganic substances
Derived from parent rock
Addition of fertilizers also alter the inorganic content
Organic materials
Dead and decaying parts of plants and animals, animal excreta, residues of soil organisms
Humus increases the productivity and water holding capacity of the soil
Soil water
Present in spaces between soil particles
Water content affects the productivity of crops
Different crops need different irrigation requirements
Soil air
Present between the soil particles
Well aerated soil - healthy roots and increased crop productivity
Important for respiration of roots
Poor air content increases water logging
Living organisms
Includes microorganisms like fungi, algae and bacteria
Worms, insects, beetles, etc.
Earthworm - also known as nature's ploughmen