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Route 53, DNS 101, Route53 Routing Policies Available On AWS, Route53…
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DNS 101
Domain Registrars
Because all of the names in a given domain name have to be unique there needs to be way to organize this all so that domain names aren't duplicated.
This is where domain registrars come in. A registrar is an authority that can assign domain names directly under one or more top-level domains.
These domains are registered with InterNIC, a service of ICANN, which enforces uniqueness of domain names across the Internet.
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IPv4 vs IPv6
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IPv4
IPv4 space is a 32 bit field and has over 4 billion different addresses (4,429,967,296 to precise)
IPv6
was created to solve this depletion issue and has an address space of 128 bits which in theory is 340 undecillion addresses
What is DNS
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IP addresses are used by computers to identify each other on the network. IP addresses commonly come in 2 different forms, IPv4 and IPv6
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Top Level Domains
If we look at common domain names such as google.com, bbc.co.uk etc.., you will notice string of characters separated by dots (periods). The last word in a domain name represents the "top level domain". The second word in a domain name is known as a second level domain name (this is optional though and depends on the domain name).
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These top level domain names are controlled by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) in a root zone database which is essentially a database of all available top level domain. You can view this database by visiting:
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TTL
what
The length that a DNS record is cached on either the Resolving Server or the users own local PC is equal to the value of the "TIme To Live" (TTL) in seconds.
The lower the time to live, the faster changes to DNS records take to propagate throughout the internet.
CName
what
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ex, you may have a mobile website with the domain name http://m.abc,com that is used for when users browse to you domain name on their mobile devices. You may also the name http://moblie.abd.com to resolve to this same address
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Alias Records
are used to map resource record sets in your hosted zone to Elastic Load Balancers, CloudFront distributions, or S3 buckets that are configured as websites
Alias records work like a CNAME record in that you can map one DNS name (www.example.com) to another 'target' DNS name (elb1234.elb.amazonaws.com)
Key difference - A CNAME can't be used for naked domain names (zone apex record) You can't have a CNAME for http://abc.com, it must be either an A record or an Alias
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