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the early modern age - Coggle Diagram

- - - - they owned most of the land
  - - - They paid numerous taxes
      - did not have access to high political positions
    - - the largest group
      - serfs of the feudal lord or noble
      - They had to pay them rent or a part of their harvest
    - - the city inhabitants
      - not ruled by a feudal lord
      - The upper bourgeoisie
        
        The upper bourgeoisie
        
        bankers
        
        officials
        
        They lived in richly decorated urban palaces
        
        the most powerful and influential group
      - The petite bourgeoisie
        
        small merchants
        
        less important officials
        
        all types of artisans
        
        artists
        
        servants and labourers
        
        They formed the largest group in the cities
- - - - The bankers lent money in exchange for returning the same amount plus an additional amount, called interest
    - - generally members of the bourgeoisie
      - money, raw materials, tools, workshops...
      - capital belonged to private owners
    - - included precious metals, foods and spices
    - - associations of craftsmen called guilds
    - - establishing trade routes
      - were sold in the city markets
      - a surplus in production, that is, an excess of food produced
    - - societies at this time were very vulnerable: during the years of bad crops, hunger and disease reappeared
      - The main crops were cereals.
      - One section was left fallow
    - - the bill of exchange was created
      - a document which guaranteed that the banker would pay a merchant