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Gender Equity - Biological Development and Health, image, image, image,…
Gender Equity - Biological Development and Health
Definition
Behaviors accepted by the society as appropriate ways of being a woman or a man
Social construct that depends on the culture, socio-economic class and others (Guinea, 2009)
Parity, Equality and Equity
Equity
Same opportunities to have and enjoy full and healthy life
Gender equity
School members must avoid issues that could provoke disadvantages to students because they are female
Equality
Everyone gets the same thing
Gender equality
Same conditions for both sexes to live full life
Gender parity
Same proportion of girls and boys enter and complete schooling
Quality of facilities, numbers of the textbooks, enough and updated teaching and learning materials, well-prepared teachers and numbers of girls graduating (Unter, Challender & Rajapalan, 2005).
Educational equality and equity
Equality
Equal access to resources that are necessary for a high quality education
Equity
Students who are furthest behind require more resources to achieve goals
Students have access to exceptional, well-prepared and approachable teachers, updated materials and access to technology.
Gender equality and gender equity in education
Gender Equality in education
Both sexes should have access to a high quality education
Equality in the learning process
Girls and boys have equal opportunities to take advantage of the process of learning
Gender equity
Both sexes must be treated according to their gender needs
Gender equity in education
Boys and girls have the same opportunities in the future (economic, social, cultural and political issues)
Causes of gender discrimination in education
Unfair treatment of girls and denial of opportunities and violation of rights
Socio-economic factors
Poverty
Socio-cultural factors
Patriarchal society
Chauvinist mentality
Gender stereotyping, gender discrimination and negative attitude
Unwanted pregnancies
Violence
Religion
Political factors
Access to education, political representation and economic participation
Stakeholders to get the Gender equity
Responsible of ensuring gender equality and equity
Parents
Schools
Government
Teachers
Students
The process of gender equity construction
Reconstructing the idea of gender is possible only if all the members of school community incluide different guidelines in order to guarantee the compliance of human rights.
Biological Development
Changes that take place in different stages where occurs growth and development
The pre-natal stages of development
It helps for brain development and future psychological development
It occurs in three main stages: germinal stage, embryonic period and fetal period (Cherry, 2019)
Brain development before birth
Takes place in the third gestational week and extends to the adolescence
The molecular events (gene expression) and the impact of the environment contribute to the brain development
Gene expression and environmental input are essential for normal brain development, and disruption of either can fundamentally alter neural outcomes Waddington (1939); Morange (2001) and Stiles (2008)
Growth and development stages in infants and children
In the first year occurs the development for motor, language, social, sensory and thinking skills
It refers to the sequence of physical, language, thought and emotional changes
Strongly influenced by genes, events during prenatal life, environment and the child’s learning capacity
The Biology of Child development and learning
The interplay of genes and environment.
Individual differences in sensitivity to environments
The impact of stress on development
Rapidity of brain development during early child-hood
The Biology of adolescent development
Period from 10 to 20 years old. Boys and girls reach adult height and weight and sexual maturation
Changes include physical, intellectual, personality and social development.
During this period sexual maturation begins at different ages depending on genetic and environmental factors
How health affects a child and an adolescent´s school performance
Exercise.
Develop social skills, improve mental health and are associated with fewer risk-taking behaviors
Importance of breakfast
Children with anemia may have academic disadvantages.
Obesity.
Hypertension, sleep apnea, asthma, fatty deliver disease, cancer, psychological problems and others
Asthma.
risk for low academic achievement due to acute aggravations of the disease
Chronic health problems.
Diseases such as diabetes, epilepsy, cancer, hemophilia, congenital heart conditions and HIV
Poor sleep
Problems with attention and learning
