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Jinnah's fourteen points - Coggle Diagram
Jinnah's fourteen points
14 Points
1.The form of the future constitution should be federal, with the residuary powers vested in the provinces.
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3: All legislatures in the country and other elected bodies shall be constituted on the definite principle of adequate and effective representation of minorities in every province without reducing the majority in any province to a minority or even equality.
4: In the Central Legislature, Muslim representation shall not be less than one third.
5: Representation of communal groups shall continue to be by separate electorates: provided that it shall be open to any community, at any time, to abandon its separate electorate in favor of joint electorate.
6: Any territorial redistribution that might at any time be necessary shall not in any way affect the Muslim majority in Punjab, Bengal and NWFP provinces.
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8: No bill or resolution shall be passed in any legislature if three fourths of the members of any community in that body oppose the bill.
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10: Reforms should be introduced in the NWFP and Balochistan on the same footings as in the other provinces.
11: Muslims should be given an adequate share in all services, having due regard to the requirement of efficiency.
12: The Constitution should embody adequate safeguards for the protection of Muslim culture, education, language, religion and personal laws, as well as for Muslim charitable institutions.
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Back ground
The report was given in a meeting of the council of the All India Muslim League on 9 March 1929. The Nehru Report was criticized by Muslim leaders Aga Khan and Muhammad Shafi.
They considered it as a death warrant because it recommended joint electoral rolls for Hindus and Muslims]
The Fourteen Points of Jinnah were proposed by Muhammad Ali Jinnah as a constitutional reform plan to safeguard the political rights of Muslims in a self-governing India.
Reaction Of 14 Points
Among the Hindus, Jinnah's points were highly disregarded and were rejected by the Congress Party. Jawaharlal Nehru referred to them as "Jinnah's ridiculous 14 points". This eventually led Jinnah to form Pakistan.
Aftermath
After the fourteen points were publicized, Jinnah was invited to attend the round table conferences, where he forwarded the Muslim point of view.[On midnight of 31 December congress went on river Ravi and Jawaharlal Nehru raised a flag and said “long live the revolution”