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The Modern State - Coggle Diagram
The Modern State
Modern state
Monarchs had more resources so they became more powerful
were able to reform the existing institutions and create new ones
objectives
to consolidate their authority
control the power of the nobility
administrate the kingdom's resources more effectively
maintain a strong position of power in relation to other monarchs
some European kingdoms adopted the following measures:
They formed powerful armies of mercenaries
which they used to subdue the nobles who confronted them
created a diplomatic body to establish alliances with other states or kingdoms
They strengthened bureaucracy
which was composed of officials directly under their control, who supervised the kingdom's affairs.
the monarchs were able to maintain effective control of their possessions
They centralised power
by creating new institutions to serve them
The power of the centralised institutions:
gradually increased
the autonomy
feudal lords
special legislations
The monarchs
established a court or permanent seat for these new institutions to function well
The new political organisation
which emerged as a result of these reforms is called the modern state
The most powerful monarchies:
the Spanish
resulting from the union of the kingdoms of Castilla and Aragón
English
Portuguese
pioneers in the search for new trade routes
the French
Russian
Definition
Monarchs had more resources so:
they became more powerful
were able to reform the existing institutions and create new ones
Europe at the end of the 15th century
Eastern Europe
The Russian
expanded its territories
Ivan III the Great in the 15th century
Ivan IV the Terrible in the 16th century
The Russian monarchs adopted the title of tsar or emperor
The Polish
covered extensive territories after its unification with Lithuania
it was a weak, not very centralised, kingdom
The Ottoman
Empire expanded
during the 15th century
Mehmed II the Conqueror
took control of Constantinople
a large part of the Balkan Peninsula
Selim I then conquered
Egypt
part of Arabia
Syria
Suleiman I the Magnificent
took control of northern Africa
but he was stopped in Austria by the German Emperor
subdued Hungary