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Matter - Coggle Diagram
Matter
State changes
boiling
liquid to gas but when the most particles have enough energy to do it
melting
solid to liquid
subliming
solid to gas (iodine does this and so does dry ice)
freezing
liquid to solid
evaporating
liquid to gas
condensing
gas to liquid
States
Liquids
Particles further apart
Particles move quite a bit (randomly). They will fill all the volume there is - more energy than solids.
Solids
Particles close together
particles stay in one place and just vibrate-not much energy
Gases
Particles a long way apart
Particles move lots. They will fill all the volume there is - lots of energy
Types
Pure substance
elements
contain only the one sort of atom
atoms
protons
positive charge- found in the nucleus
electrons
negative charge- spin around outside the nucleus
nuetrons
no charge- found in the nucleus
number of protons and neutrons the same each sort of atom.
periodic table
non-metals- top right
metals- left side
element symbols
compounds
made of different sorts of atoms that have joined in set numbers.
hard to get back the different kinds of atoms
Mixtures
contain more than one substance.
the different substances haven't joined up
easy to seperate out the different substances
evaporation
letting the water evaporate away from something that dissolved in it
distillation
separating liquids with different boiling points.
decanting
pouring something from off the top of another substance
centrifuging
spinning something very fast-heavy particles thrown to the bottom
filtration
separating a liquid from a solid that's sitting in it
magnetism
using a magnet to pick up iron from other stuff that's not magnetic
Properties
Things that matter is or has
colour
temperature
the average kinetic energy (movement) of the particle
volume
how much space it takes up.
density
how many parrticles (mass) there are in a certain space.
melting point
at what temperature does it change to a liquid.
boiling point
at what does it turn to a gas.
conductivity
is it a good conductor of heat or electricity.