Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Different types of vitamins - Coggle Diagram
Different types of vitamins
Fat-soluble
Occur in foods
containing fats
Stored in the body
Include vitamins A, D, E,
and K
Excessive intake of A or D may lead to undesirable symptoms such as weak bones
Water-soluble
Includes vitamin C and
B-complex vitamins
B vitamins work in every cell where they function as part of coenzymes
A coenzyme combines with an enzyme to allow the enzyme to do its job
Must take daily because excess is excreted (except B6 and B12)
Vitamin C, Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic acid, Biotin
VITAMIN C
Important to form collagen- a protein substance that provides strength to bones, teeth, skin, etc. and helps heal wounds. Collagen is like cement, holding cells and tissues together.
Makes some hormones and Strengthens resistance to infection.
Certain people need more vitamin C: smokers, pregnant and breastfeeding women, children, and anyone with fever or infection.
fruit and vegetable such as orange, brocolli, tomato, lemon.
VITAMIN A
Maintains the health of the eye and vision (prevents night blindness
Promote healthy skin and surface linings of the lungs, GI tract, etc.
Support reproduction, growth and development
Milk and eggs, many red, orange or yellow fruits and vegetable contains and some green vegetables such as spinach and romaine
VITAMIN D
Maintains normal blood levels of calcium and phosphorus by enhancing their absorption into the body
Normal blood levels of calcium and phosphorus are needed to make and maintain strong bones
All milk is fortified with vitamin D, Most cereal are fortified.
Several months of D can be stored in the body, so it is helpful during winter months.
VITAMIN E
Protects against free radicals, which can damage cells
Antioxidants
vegetable oil, Nuts, Seed, spinach and brocolli
Thiamin, Riboflavin, and Niacin
All are part of coenzymes needed to get energy from carbohydrate, fats, and protein.
Needed for normal growth
Thiamin: pork, beans, watermelon, acorn squash
Riboflavin: milk and milk products, eggs
Niacin: meat, poultry fish, peanut butter, milk, and eggs
Makes hemoglobin in red blood cells and help immune system
Folate
Folate is part of coenzymes required to make DNA so it is needed to make all new cells
Pregnant women are at risk of folate deficiency, which may cause neural tube defects (malformed brain or spine) during first few months of pregnancy.
All women capable of becoming pregnant should take 400mcg of synthetic folic acid daily from fortified foods (breads) or supplements in addition to natural folate in foods.
Broccoli, brussels sprouts, peas, spinach
VITAMIN B6
Part of a coenzyme involved in carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism-especially crucial to protein metabolism.
Makes hemoglobin in red blood cells-carries oxygen to cells.
and helps immune system
poultry such as chicken, some fish, peanuts.
VITAMIN B12
Part of a coenzyme needed to make new cells and DNA
Activates the folate coenzyme.
Ensures normal functioning of the nervous system
Vitamin B12 is harder to absorb for elderly, who may need foods fortified with B12 or supplements that use crystalline vitamin B12
meat, fish, milk and milk product