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water pollution - Coggle Diagram

- - - - carbon fixation, rainfall &humidity effects
    - - species diversity
    - - wildlife habitat
    - - particulate filtration, nutrient stripping, biodegradation toxic compound, remove heavy metal
    - - storm protection, coastal erosion protection, water catchment
- - - - 1979>1997>2000>2009
    - - 1994
- - - - Soluble nitrate & phosphate compounds (excessive growth of algae)
        
        effect algal bloom
        
        bad taste & odor
        
        reduce O2 carrying capacity of human blood
        
        destroy esthetics
    - - reduce ability to find food
      - reduce photosynthesis
      - disrupts food webs
      - carries pesticides and harmful subs
        
        loss quality of soil
        
        toxic compound adsorbed
        
        buries breeding ground
    - - Improper disposal of industrial & household wastes and runoff of pesticides
    - - release from industries/power plants, from urban runoff
        
        lower DO level
        
        interfere reproductions
        
        increase vulnerability to disease
    - - accumulation of organic matter
        
        decomposed by bacteria
        
        reduce DO level
      - effects
        
        high volume water, low effect
        
        high volume waste, high effect
        
        high distance, low effect
        
        high speed, low effect
        
        high temp, high effect
      - oxygen sag curve
  - - - move through various trophic levels/ food chain
        
        biocommulation
        
        accumulation of substances
        
        biological magnification
        
        process where certain substances move up the food chain
      - disease
        
        Itai-itai
        
        cadmium > paddy > rice > human
        
        minimata disease
        
        mercury > fish > human > neurological disorder
    - - compounds of toxic metals
        
        can generated by natural or man-made source
    - - organisms are microscopic or barely visible
      - effect
        
        waterborne disease
        
        cholera
        
        Hepatitis A
        
        Typhoid fever
- - - - reduce fertilizer runoff
      - re-forestation of logged forest
      - use silt traps
      - road cleaning practices
      - install waste traps
    - - toxic chemicals
      - nutrient
      - heavy metals
      - sediment
      - pathogens
- - - - oligotrophic- low nutrients & productivity, high clarity
        
        mesotrophic- moderate nutrients & productivity, sufficient clarity
        
        eutrophic- high nutrients & productivity, low clarity
        
        senescent- swamp
    - - carbon
      - nitrogen
      - phosphorus
  - - - not move much & retained
    - - move constantly