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Sex differences and Gender development - Coggle Diagram
Sex differences and Gender development
Differences between sex and gender
Sex
Chomosomes defining factor
XX - female
XY - male
Pre-natal development
6-7 weeks gestation occurs Y Chomosomes are present = testes
10-12 weeks gestation occurs, overies develop
Sex differences are biological differences
Intersex
CAH
AIS
Biological state of being male or female
Gender
Gender roles behaviours considered appropriate for male or females
Gender typing the process of adopting gendered behaviour
Meanings that society attach to being male or female
Gender stereotypes are beliefs and characteristics considered to be male or female
Changes in children’s conceptual
understanding of gender
<12 moths
Newborns behaviour is differentiated
3 months understand categories
6 months can intermodally coordinate males and females
Babies
2 years
Gender identity
Preference for gender-typed toys
stereotypical beliefs - refuse other genders toys
3-4 years
Gender stability
Gender-type roles
Belief about what ganders do - Girls cook clean, boys handyman
1 year
Preference for same-sex
Stereotypical beliefs - stare at girls wearing trousers or boys wearing dresses
Understand categories
5+
Gender constancy
Prefer same-sex friends and gender-type toys
Gender stereotypes - girls sensitive, boys strong
What is gender development?
Children's developed beliefs
The way children behave
The way children understand gender
Theoretical
approaches
Cognitive
Knowledge of gender influences gender behaviour
Kohlberg
Gender labelling
Gender stability
Gender consistency
Child is active in socialisation
Gender schema theory
Both cognition and socialisation
socialisation leads to the development of scripts and gender schemas
Process
Learn definitions of male and female
Form schema
Apply to self
behave in accordance to gender
Biological
Differences
Physical differences
differences in organisation in the brain
Genetics influence gender differences
SLT
sources of socialisation
Same sex parent
Media
School
Process
Modelling
Reinforcement
Child is passive in socialisation