Boiling water put in a Nalgene inside of your sleeping bag can keep you warm in very cold conditions TK

they are compatible with a water filter system (MK)

Can be used to pee in (HS)

Can be used as a storage container (HS)

Withstand very high temperatures (HS)

The lid doesn't detach (HS)

You can purify water with chemicals in them (HS)

Can keep you warm at night (HS)

Light when carrying without water (HS)

Made from recyclable material (HS)

Good amount of volume (HS)

Can be damaged easily BG

Bladders can be unreliable at times BG

Improves efficiency when you don't need to stop and drink from a bottle, Very helpful when ski touring TK

The easier it is, the more you drink TK

Blowing air back into the tube after you drink can also help by removing any water that could freeze TK

Insulated tubes work, but the bite valve at the end is not insulated and will freeze TK

Tucking the tube into your jacket will keep it from freezing (TK)

may require backwashing to clean

Hard to purify completely because of the tube BG

Hard to know exactly how much water you have left RS

Probably the most popular water system for day hikers / adventurists RS

Great packability, often times packs are designed with a specific water bladder pocket RS

Easily hydrate while on the move or engaging in the activity RS

Less stops when hiking RS

Depending on the brand, bladders can directly connect with gravity filters or other water purification methods RS

Hard to keep track of how much you are drinking RS

Generally lightweight but fragile RS

Generally heavier RS

Easy to control your water consumption over the day RS

More durable than bladders RS

Smartwater bottles are fairly durable and light, nalgenes are heavier but virtually indestructible RS

bottle

One significant advantage is that most chemical purification methods use a nalgene as their official water measurement ie drops per nalgene RS

Many pump filters can screw into the top of bottles RS

Nalgene is a sustainable company BG

You don't have to carry an entire day's water all the time TK

If you plan on refilling no concern over drinking too much water TK

Avoid non moving water, ponds etc. ZS

Be aware of potently nearby contaminants. ZS

Moving water is the best chance for clean water. ZS

Do not automatically trust moving water to be clean, purify regardless of potential quality. ZS

The more upstream, the cleaner the water is (ACK)

When collecting water from a source but a cloth over your bottle to keep out larger debris AJ

dispose of waste at least 150ft from water

avoid if possible

A good way to force yourself to start hydrated TK

Staying hydrated is much easier than getting hydrated TK

Water balance is influenced by water input versus water output (AM)

environmental conditions (AM)

level of physical activity (AM)

dietary intake (AM)

age (AM)

Try to drink around 4 liters a day especially when working hard AJ

You can only absorb about 1 litre per hour, drinking more than that is almost useless, you'll urinate it out ZS

Drinking too much water without sodium intake can lead to hyponatremia ZS

Water flushes cellular waste out of your body to keep you right ZS

Take small sips of water instead of big gulps so it can be absorbed ZS

You can go a long time without water (about a week) but will drastically decrease in ability in that time frame ZS

Aim for 1 litre an hour when working hard, you don't need to slam as much water at camp etc. ZS

Crucial for brain function, allows nerve function in brain etc ZS

Can be found in salty food to help in water absorption ZS

Drink mixes like Gatorade can quickly replenish lost electrolytes RS

Ex: gatorade packets or pedialyte packets (AW)

dizziness (LZ)

headache (LZ)

Dark colored urine ZS

No sweat ZS

Lack of urinating ZS

Vomiting ZS

If used incorrectly it can be bad for you BG

When used correctly, it kills bacteria BG

but it is not as effective on killing viruses and cysts BG

You could use your fuel to melt snow and ice. (AW)

The best way to do this is to fill a black stuff sack and hang it in the sun (AW)

Be sure to carry enough fuel. Melting lots of snow will burn more than you think TK

GATORADE POWDER (MK)

Electrolytes are electrically charged minerals and compounds that help your body do much of its work — producing energy and contracting your muscles, etc (ACK)

Electrolyte tablets you put in water are lightweight and a good option AJ

half liter of water per hour of moderate activity in moderate temperatures. You may need to increase how much you drink as the temperature and intensity of the activity rise (ACK)

your body will be unable to perform its normal functions including attention and memory (ACK)

The human body is roughly 75 percent water. Without this water, it cannot survive (ACK)

Headache BG

increased weight loss (LZ)

dry throat and lack of saliva (LZ)

Dark urination (ACK)

Feeling dizzy and/or lightheaded (ACK)

Tiredness (ACK)

Urinating very little (ACK)

impaired short-term memory (AM)

decreased alertness & concentration (inability to focus) (AM)

impaired visual-motor skills (AM)

Impaired perceptual discrimination (AM)

impaired arithmetic skills (AM)

impaired psychomotor skills (AM)

as soon as you are thirsty, you have begun to slip into dehyrdration (MK)

the straw itself is only good for when there are water sources available to drink directly from (MK)

filters are only good for up to 100L of water (MK)

pieces are dishwasher safe for cleaning (MK)

can be a gravity bag or larger container (MK)

filters are replaceable (MK)

Can be singular straw for one user (MK)

can be a water bottle with straw/filter attachment (MK)

downside is that it is a single tube so it is easy to clog (MK)

the water bottles can only filter up to 1L at a time (MK)

includes carbon filter AND membrane micro-filter (MK)

can be useful on short day trips (MK)

Audri Walworth (AW)

Andrew Jarvis AJ

Zachary Smith

Logan Zeeuw

Steve

Amy Macaluso

Tim Kelleher