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UNDERSTANDING WORK IN TEAM (KERJA MEMAHAMI DALAM PASUKAN), Difference…
UNDERSTANDING WORK IN TEAM
(KERJA MEMAHAMI DALAM PASUKAN)
Ingroup and Outgroup
Ingroup – perspective in which we see members of our ingroup as better than other people, and people not our group as all the same.
Outgroup – the inverse of an ingroup, which can means everyone outside the group but is more usually and identified other group.
When there are ingroups and outgroups, there is often animosity between them and the practice of religion is one of the most powerful sources of ingroup-outgroup feelings.
Social identity threat- a kin of to stereotype threat, where individuals believe they will personally negatively evaluated due to their association with a devaluated group and they may lose confidence and performance effectiveness.
Social Identity Theory
Is perspective that considers when and why individuals consider themselves members of group.
Proposed that people have emotional reactions to the failure or success of their group because their self-esteem get tied to whatever happens to the group.
When, group does poorly, you might feel about yourself or you might reject that part of your identity but when your group does well, you bask in reflected glory and your own self esteem rises.
Types of identity within organization and work group:
1) relational identification - when we connect with others because of our roles.
2) collective identification – when we connect with the aggregate characteristics of our group.
Difference between Group & Teams
Work group
A group that interacts primarily to share information, make decisions, and help each group member perform within his/her area of responsibility
(Kumpulan yang berinteraksi terutamanya untuk berkongsi maklumat, membuat keputusan, dan menolong setiap ahli kumpulan melaksanakan dalam bidang tanggungjawabnya)
Collection of individuals doing their work, albeit with interaction and or dependency
(Koleksi individu melakukan kerja mereka, walaupun dengan interaksi dan atau kebergantungan)
Work team
A group whose individual efforts result in performance that is greater than the sum of the individual input
(Kumpulan yang usaha individu menghasilkan prestasi yang lebih besar daripada jumlah input individu)
Is a subset of work group, is constructed to be purposeful (symbiotic) in its member interaction
(Merupakan subkumpulan kumpulan kerja, dibina untuk tujuan (simbiotik) dalam interaksi anggotanya)
types of team
Problem solving
Groups of 5-12 employees from the same development who meet for a few hours, daily/ weekly to discuss ways of improving quality, efficiency and the work environment.
Most often in manufacturing plants or medical field
Self-managed work team
Group of typically10-15 employees who perform highly related/interdependent jobs; take on responsibilities of their former supervisor, include planning and scheduling work, assigning task to members, making operating decision, taking action on problems and working on suppliers & customers
Cross-functional teams
Employees from about the same hierarchical level but from different work areas who come together to accomplish a task
Eg major automobile manufacturer – Toyota, Honda, Nissan, BMW, GM. Ford and Chrysler use this form of team to coordinate complex projects.
Virtual team
Teams that use computer technology to tie together physically dispersed members in order to achieve a common goal
They collaborate online-using communication link such as wide-area network, corporate social media, video conferencing and e-mail.
For virtual team become effective i) trust established among members ii) progressed is monitored closely (so that teams don’t lose sight of its goal and no team members “disappear” iii) the efforts and products of the team are publicized through out the organization, so the team not become invisible.
Multiteam system
A collection of two or more interdependent teams that shares a superordinate goal; a team of teams.
For example shared goal among all department in the hospital involved after car accidents is saving life. The coordination respond needed – emergency medical service transport the injured to the hospital; an emergency room team then take over, providing medical care, followed by a recovery team.
Although all of the department are technically independent, their activity are interdependent, and the success of ones depends on the success of the others
SITI NUR FATIHAH BINTI MOHD SHARIF
2019645712
MHR5