POLITICAL LIBERALISM 
JOHN LOCKE "The Father Of Liberalism
POLITICAL LIBERALISM (GREAT BRITAIN)
Characteristics:
POLITICAL LIBERALISM (MAIN IDEAS)
What is: Was a movement of high projection that defended as an essential idea the development of personal, individual freedom, as a way of achieving the progress of society, was originated by the bourgeois class, during the 19th century, in parallel with the industrial revolution
This movement defends individual freedoms and rights of thought, conscience and association.
Supports the legal equality of all citizens before the law.
It defends national sovereignty whereby power resides in the people and not in the monarchy.
Defend the division of powers theorized by Montesquieu
There is control of public management, through publicity and freedom of speech and opinion
The ordering of the political regime, with a fundamental law (constitution) that is above the king and embodies national sovereignty.
Property is basic for the development of freedom and the achievement of happiness
POLITICAL PHILOSOPHERS OF LIBERALISM
Started in Great Britain and France (End XVIII-XIX Centuries)
Characteristics
Arises in the second half of the nineteenth century as a product of the development of the WHIGS (church party), who promoted the predominance of parliament over the crown.
In the reform of 1867, it originated from the pressure of socioeconomic changes with an enriched bourgeoisie and an organized working class that fought for reforms.
*POLITICAL REFORMS (XIX CENTURY)** Great Britain
POLITICAL PHILOSOPHERS OF LIBERALISM
His ideas were new for the time: Where the basis for the human rigts
Every person has a rigt and duties, government should protect those rigths
During the years 1833 and 1855, the liberal party was modernized with the reform of acts, which made the electoral system increase, people participate more and education became compulsory from the age of six and free from 1881.
3 rights that government should protect for having an ideal state:
LIFE: Living in a decent life: rights and duties
OWNERSHIP OF PROPERTY: Government should protect human rights because humans (individuals) could not protect them on their own.
LIBERTY: If the government don´t protect the human rights, people should seek for other ruler
Basic rights: right of education, having a property, health
Suffrage: right to vote
JOHN STUART MILL (took Lock ideas)
He was part of the parliament, and he worked for the ones that had no voice
UTILITARIANISM: We live in a world were people do terrible things, the society can do something to make things better, even if our hands will be dirty
supporters of a limited monarchy and in defense of the presence of parliament
Constituted by less homogeneous individuals, meeting the nobles, merchants, financiers, Protestants and bishops
Act utilitarianism:"Choose the action that produces the greatest good for the greatest number, benefiting the society"(Crash Course)
Rule utilitarianism: "living by the rules, are likely to lead to the greatest good for the greates number". (Crash Course)
FREEDOM: Opposite to tyranny, Mill studied Marx´s ideas (socialist doctrine)
Governments should put some restrictions over freedom: Promoting conditions of working people
DEMOCRACY: Last idea of John Stuart Mill
You have to vote (for the appropiate ruler), like this you have the right of voting, but education can rise on the public.(reading)
PROBLEM: The people who were in power, were not doing what they had to do, (inaction).
SUFFRAGE:In 1832 reform, 5 years before the coronation of Queen Victoria, the electoral body was expanded to 812 thousand where 80% of Ireland did not have the right to vote, this reform favored the manufacturing, commercial and urban elites. Granting benches in the chambers of the commons to the great cities that arose during the industrial revolution.
House of commons, controlled by the nobels
Voting restrictions
Limit power
Social and economic changes: (1833)Conditions were better in factories (Factory act), improving them for children taking into account the working hours and education; slavery was abolish.
Fighting for the women´s suffrage
(1848): CHARIST MOVEMENT: men suffrage, memebers of the parliament, ans secret ballot.
VICTORIAN AGE: (1837-1901): DISRAELI AND GLADSTONE:
Cities grew, and new inventions appeares like the phone and model rail road line.
POLITICAL REFORMS OF THE EARLY XX CENTURY (GREAT BRITAIN)
Woman were fighting for the right to vote, the right to vote for woman (suffragettes) appeared after the World War I.
There was a Liberal Prime Minister (1905), in those years there was health insurance, unemployment insurance, old age pensions and raised taxes.
REFERENCES
La Inglaterra victoriana - hiru. (2015). hiru. https://www.hiru.eus/es/historia/la-inglaterra-victoriana
M. (2020, 1 octubre). British empire. Ancient World. https://mundoantiguo.net/imperio-britanico/
JSTOR: Access Check. (2013). JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41324108?seq=1