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Assessment, The definition should avoid direct linkages with any specific…

- - - - Predicted interactions with pressure
      - Predicted changes in habitat attributes or indicators linked to the value or resources being assessed
    - - Type, effectiveness & degree of specificity of proposed environmental protection measures
      - Feedback or the adaptive management
  - - - Professional judgement
        
        Risk classes assigned by an individual based on a review of available information
        
        Using basic statistics on indicators or data summaries to provide the background for the assessment
      - Expert panels
        
        A group of expert individually assess risk or various aspects contributing to overall risk
        
        The assessment are averaged or otherwise combined to provide an overall risk assessment
      - Spatial analysis (GIS map overlay)
      - Computer modeling based on numerous assumptions and professional judgment in the construction model
- - - - Predicted future status
        
        Medium & long term predictions of future conditions should be made to come out with the result of cumulative impacts and assumptions of continuing current management practices
        
        This will provide an important comparison for final analysis and decision making
      - Low risk benchmark
        
        Selection of benchmarks based on existing conditions often leads to ignoring background risk that may be due to cumulative impacts from past changes
        
        The definition process would provide insights for proposing risk reduction strategies in the decision making process because of able to understand the linkage between pressure and impacts
        
        The definition involve the definition of management regimes that will create conditions necessary for the maintenance of the environmental value
        
        A conditions with a high probability of sustaining the environmental value in question over the long-term
      - Current condition
        
        Will provide prediction and modeling of future changes through cumulative impacts
        
        Current inventory information
        
        Measuring where we are now
      - Predicted threshold
        
        Source of the threshold
        
        Could be inherent from previous studies
        
        Could be set up by a regulatory bodies
        
        The threshold should be explicit
        
        Include a description of the data
        
        Reference to the data
        
        Reference to the ecological model which the threshold level is based
        
        Is a critical level at which there is a significant shit in the probability of continued maintenance, utility or viability of the specified environmental value
        
        Information needed in this task
        
        Historic data
        
        Targeted research
        
        Inventory data (status of environmental value)
        
        Trend analysis requirement
        
        Methodologies
        
        Indicators and their rationale
        
        Information sources
        
        Limitations to interpret the trends
        
        Assumptions
        
        Trend analysis (if the confidence level is low) requires a clear rationale from expert opinion and minimal data
      - Base case
        
        The status of environmental values and indicator under natural conditions
        
        Defined based on the estimation of an average or median condition and a range of variation over a specified time
  - - - The choice of analysis methods depends on the ability to;
        
        Model "cause-and-effect" relationships between pressure and changes to environmental values
        
        Track changes to the type, quality and/or extent of environmental conditions, indicators or habitat attributes
        
        Describe the risk to the environmental values being assessed.
      - Example methods that have been used
        
        Professional judgement
        
        Expert panels
        
        GIS overlays and computer algorithms
        
        Computer model based
      - The methods should be clearly described in ERA reports and presentations
    - - Used to define the ranges of probability or likely hood of an undesirable outcome
      - Limited number of classes are most preferred to ease the interpretation (very low risk to very high risk
      - The term can be various depends on the accepted definitions (endangered wildlife classes)