Machines that do work using one movement

Simple Machines don't alter the amount amount of work required to complete a task; only change way work is done

A flat, sloped surface

An inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder

Changes the direction of the force from one that acts in a straight line to one that rotates

An inclined plane that moves

A simple machine that pivots around a fixed point

Levers decrease the amount of force required to complete a physical task, but the force must be applied over a longer distance

A shaft attached to a wheel of larger diameter so that they both rotate together

When utilizing a Wheel-and-axle, you apply a small input force over a large distance to the wheel, which causes the axle to rotate a smaller distance with a greater output force

A grooved wheel with a rope/cable wrapped around it

A single pulley changes the direction of the force

Ex: bottle openers, scissors, seesaws, wheelbarrows, etc.

Two or more simple machines working together.

The work you put into a machine is an Input Work

The work the machine does on an object is the Output Work

Machines can also change the direction of a force

The ratio of Output Work to Input Work

Efficiency (in %) = Output Work/Input Work x 100%

Input & Output Work is measured in Joules (j)

Some work is always transformed into wasted Thermal Energy because of friction

Since force is applied for work, Newton's Laws are always there