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science - Coggle Diagram
science
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photosynthesis
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osmosis - movement of water molecules across a partially semi- permeable membrane from high to low concentration
active transport- movement of particles across a membrane against concentration gradient (low to high concentration)
xylem - contains dead cells which have no cytoplasm which creates more space for rate of reaction. movement of sucrose in a plant using active transport. xylem contains two holes at end of tube exchange goes both ways.
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cell division
cancer - changes in genes that control cell division causing cells to divide uncontrollably causing mass abnormal cells called tumor and if this trumour attacks surrounding tissues called cancer
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difference between mitosis and meiosis is that meiosis happens only in sex organs like ovaries and testes while mitosis happens every where in the body.
heart
blood vessels
arteries - thick walls because pump blood away from heart at high pressure which is why its elastic and strong
capillaries - arteries are branched into capillaries and are tiny and pump blood at low pressure and narrow to fit through gaps and has permeable walls to allow diffusion in and out of the wall
veins- capillaries eventually join up to form veins and very narrow because pump blood at low pressure and have valves to help blood flow in right direction
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cardiac output - volume of blood pumped by ventricle every minute. equation to work it out is: heart rate x stroke volume
respiration - process of transferring energy from the break down of organic compounds two types aerobic and anaerobic.
aerobic - when theres alot of supply of oxygen the most efficient way of transferring energy from glucose the equation for this is glucose + oxygen - carbon dioxide +water
anaerobic - when the body cannot get enough supply of oxygen so anaerobic happens automatically where lactic acid is built up tiring the muscles in animals the equation is glucose- lactic acid
anaerobic happens in plants as well they can respire without oxygen too but instead of lactic acid building up ethanol and carbon dioxide is built up. word equation is glucose - ethanol + carbon dixiode
sex cells -
sperm cell- lost of mitochondria to help it swim to egg and has long tail to help it to swim and faster also has it.
sperm cell changes membrane structure so no more than two sperm can go in it. also has the right amount of chromosones