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Feline infectious upper respiratory tract disease CAT FLU - Coggle Diagram
Feline infectious upper respiratory tract disease
CAT FLU
Feline infectious upper respiratory tract disease
Associated agents
feline herpes virus 1 (FHV)
feline calicivirus (FCV, RNA virus)
Chlamydophila felis
mycoplasma spp
bordetella bronchiseptica
co-infections and secondary bacterial infectious are common
FHV/FCV infection
most severe in kittens and immunocompromised adults
signs
lethargy
anorexia
fever
oculonasal discharge
oculonasal signs tend to be more severe in FHV than FCV
sneezing
conjunctivitis
oral ulceration
more typical of FCV
ptyalism
dendritic keratitis
only finding pathognomic for FHV
FHV can occasionally cause ulcerative facial and nasal dermatitis
less common consequences of FCV
ulceration of nasal planum, lips or distant cutaneous sites
polyarthropathy
laryngeal swelling
viral pneumonia can occur, but is rare
signs of chronic viral URT disease
rhinosinusitis
ocular manifestations
chronic gingivostomatitis
Diagnosis
usually not pursued for individually affected cats
virus isolation and PCR on nasal, oropharyngeal or conjunctival swab samples
test results interpretation influenced by carrier states, viral latency and vaccination
most cats shed FCV virus
30-75d after clinical recovery
then stop, minority shed continuously for years
FHV - latency established in the
trigeminal ganglia
after 1ry infection in most cats (reactivation from stress)
if vaccinated w
modified live
virus may shed vaccine virus
management
consider nano-oesophageal feeding tube/oesophagostomy tube if anorexia persists
nebuliser/steam therapy in room w running hot water
clean discharge w saline and wipe coat with warm damp cloth 2x daily
treatment
antivirals (for FHV)
broad spectrum antibiotics for 2ry bacterial infections
doxycycline empirical treatment for B. bronchiseptica
NSAIDs
appetite stimulants
mucolytic drugs