Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Drivers of Crime - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Single parent homes have generational impact
        
        SPH results in so many developmental challenges, the likelihood of children from SPH increases (get a source).
        
        Impact is magnified by each child in the chain
        
        Can create whole communities where SPH are the norm (and crime is rampant) (source)
  - - - Does the built environment produce crime? or is the built environment reflective of available funding?
        Poorer communities have lower tax base, less available for improved city planning... etc.
      - Second source argues a lot for changes to the environment as though the environment is the cause and is easy to change. This is unrealistic. While many of these factors can be at play, their existence is a natural result of economics in these areas. The author presents an idyllic picture of cities planned well making crime go away while completely ignoring the costs involved for both individuals and governments (which is to say - other individuals)
  - - - Passing laws would simply increase cost
        
        Public revenue is driven by tax base
        
        Laws that would increase homeowner cost would be impossible to implement in poor areas.
        
        These are local issues; a federal law couldn't be passed to make them equal; so, the poor would simply move to areas they can afford.
      - Data ignores the actual cause of criminality itself. Author refers to places that are attractive to offenders, but doesn't address how and why they are offenders in the first place. People not disposed to criminal behavior do not walk into a ghetto and choose to commit crime because it looks like fun.
    - - Poverty cannot be solved by city planning, and must be approached through opportunity and community improvement efforts
        
        Seek low-hanging fruit when it comes to built-environment factors. Must be low cost initially, as communities will need to implement on low budgets. May be easier to do public awareness campaigns than to try and pass laws
      - Family structure issues within communities also cannot be solved through built environment changes. They must be developed from within by citizens who choose to live differently.
      - The most effective intervention, by far, would be in education.
        
        Ensure adequate funding, regardless of local tax base
        
        Create attractive opportunities for the best teachers based on similar situation performance
        
        Ensure school and student safety, even at high cost
        
        Develop compliance programs for truancy that address the needs of SFP.
        
        Strong investment in school counseling, mental health, family planning.
- - - - Poverty
        
        Poverty alone is not universally considered a cause. Poverty relative to societal expectations is likely more important.
        
        During the Great Depression, poverty levels were much higher than they are today, but crime actually declined. From the mid sixties to mid seventies, income was on the rise and crime moved along with it.
        
        In 1990, the income level was much higher than it was in 1903, but the murder rate in 1990 was 10 times higher than the murder rate in 1903.
    - - Needs
      - Wants
      - Societies expectations
  - - - Single Parent Home
        
        Fatherless homes
        
        Make Poverty more likely
        
        Children have less parental availability
        
        Gangs as family
        
        Less time to focus on values and attachment
        
        Makes lack of education more likely - less time for parental support of learning
    - - Out-of-wedlock births
  - - - Education
        
        School dislike and truancy vs. idea juveniles in school have less time to commit crime
- - - - Poor lighting
      - ingress and egress
    - - Lack of security systems
      - General disrepair
    - - Brush/bushes/places to hide
      - Graffi/General Disrepair
    - - Lack of car alarms / immobilizers
  - - - Alcohol
      - Schools
        
        More victims? (BULLSHIT)