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3_Neurons and NT - Coggle Diagram
3_Neurons and NT
Neurotransmitter
Acetylcholine
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arousal, attention, memory (found in Hippocampus and destruction of neurons producing it associated with Alzheimer's disease) and muscle contractions
Norepinephrine
E; produced in brain stem and associated with alertness, arousal and mood
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Dopamine
I/E; control of movement, motivation and sensation of pleasure
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Serotonin
E/I; sleep, mood, anxiety and appetite
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Gamma-aminobutyric acid
I; sleeps and inhibits movement, calms anxiety
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Glutamate
E; learning, memory, NS development and synaptic plasticity
Excess leads to overactivation, seizures and neuronal damage -> Alzheimer's D and Huntington D
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Drug Therapy
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Third group interfere with reuptake of NT or its enzymatic degradation - SSRI (Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) for treating depression, anxiety and OCDs
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Functioning
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NT in themselves are not excitatory or inhibitory but their effect depends on the receptor on the post-synaptic cell
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Neuron
Glial cells
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additional role - supply them with nutrients, provide insulation, remove pathogens and dead neurons
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Multiple Sclerosis - myelin sheath is destroyed - partial/complete loss of neural functioning leading to lack of muscle control
Structure
nucleus, axon, dendrite, myelin sheath, node of ranvier
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3 types - sensory, motor and inter-neuron
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Functioning
Action potential is all or none and the amplitude is independent of the amount of current produced by it
complexity of signals is coded in the frequency and extent of neural firing - each neuron can only give a all-or-none response