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Seed Plants II: Angiosperms - Coggle Diagram
Seed Plants II: Angiosperms
Angiosperms
Greatest number of living species
257,000
Magnoliophyta
monophyletic
Most advanced peak of plant evolution
Named for having flowers
significant synapomorphy
Double fertilization
Universal
angiosperm carpels
closed carpels
Classification of Flowering Plants
Changing concepts about early Angiosperms
ranalean flower
magnolia-type flower
generalized
Most botanist claim angiosperms are monophyletic
erronoeous hypothesis
original misidentification
Oldest wood seem to be derived derived from Aptian Epoch of Japan
Basal Angiosperms
ancestors reproductively isolated
before distinctive angiosperm
traits originated
groups that originated
while angiosperms
a young clade
uniapertuate
three groups of extant descendants
nymphaeaceae
water lillies
austrobaileyales
amborellaceae
Eudicots
flowers
4 or 5 parts
Basal Eudicots
leaves
not strap shaped
reticulate leaf venation
Rosid Clade
three germination pores (tricolpate) pollen grain have
or
have some condition derived from the tricolpate mechanism
Asterid Clade
Monocots
Alismatale
found in swamps or marshes
partly submerges
Members of Alismataceae
less highly modified
large leaves
thick cuticle
on leaf epidermis
aquatic herbs
entirely submerges
sea grasses
no transpiration
air chambers
make plants
buoyant
Liliales
petaloid monocot
large colorful flowers
eleven families
1,300 species
unusual member
smilacaceae
presence of spots
or
lines of the petals
Gynoecia
composed of several carpels, usually three
Asparagales
septal nectaries
bulbs, rhizomes, and corms
carpels fuse
side by side
starting at the bases
septa
perianth
3 outer member
3 inner member
tepals
Dioscoreales
Yams
leaves
long, strap-shaped
Commelinoid Monocots
Poales
Zingiberales
Arecales
flowers
three parts
numerous vascular bundles in the stem
no ordinary secondary growth
parallel leaf venation