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Salmonella typhi - Coggle Diagram
Salmonella typhi
Morphology
rod shaped
facultative intracellular pathogens (inside&outside of the host cells)
gram negative
no spores
encapsulated
facultative anaerobe (ferments glucose)
produce hydrogen sulfide (black percipitate)
oxidase negative
vi capsular polysaccaride antigen virulence factor (protects from antibodies)
distal ileum
targets epithelial layes of the mucosa (M-cells)
payesr's patches
:forbidden:neutrophils :recycle:monocyte¯ophages
hypertrophy&necrosis of epithelial
ileal perforation
goes to lymphatic vessels (inside macrophages host cells)
local mesenteric lymph nodes --> thoracic duct --> lymphatic system
liver, spleen, gall bladder, limph nodes, bone marrow
apoptosis of macrophages
bacteremia
sepsis
vasodilation
hyperperfusion
epdemiology
only infected humans
fecal->oral
poor sanitation&poor hygiene (contaminated water&food))
sensitive to gastric acid
Symptoms
appear 1-2 weeks after infection
takes 4-6 weeks to resolve
constipation --> diarrhea
high sustained fever
abdominal pain
rose/salmon-colored spots on chest/abdomen
hepatomegaly, splenomegaly
weekness
headaches
dehydration
cloudy/confused mental state
Diagnosis
cultures
from blood, intestinal secretions: vomit duodenal aspirate, stool
Treatment
Managing symptoms
fluid&electrolite replenishment
NSAIDs for pain&fever
broad-spectrum antibiotics
fluoroquinolons
cephalosporins (ceftriaxone)