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The Course of WW1 - Coggle Diagram
The Course of WW1
The War of Attrition
The Battle of Verdun
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The Germans began this conflict in hopes to cause as many French casualties as possible, they believed that if they were to defeat Britain, France would have to be dealt with.
Over 300,000 men estimated to be killed on both sides
The plan was to attack a heavily fortified Verdun, overcoming as many forts as possible in the process for these forts lacked ammunition and were vulnerable.
To relieve pressure of the French, the British began the Battle of the Somme
The Battle of The Somme
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Fought by the British, French and German armies
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Haig ordered a total bombardment of German trenches that was long and ponderous. Assuming the Germans had surely perished, he ordered the British to slowly advance at a walking pace and they were henceforth slaughtered
The German trenches were much more advanced than those of the British so they survived the barrage and eradicated many many British troops afterwards
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Battle of Passchendaele
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Fought in Belgium, troops experienced the worst rain recorded for decades in Belgium; many troops and cavalry drowned within the mud
The Gallipoli Campaign
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The plan was for the allies to sail to the west and take out the Turks and then cut through to attack Austria Hungary
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The Turkish had placed mines upon their coast, meaning that the allies had to eradicate the mines first, which alerted the Turkish and gave them time to prepare.
The allies first landed on Cape Helles whilst the ANZAC troops landed upon the now named "ANZAC Cove"
The heat and recent out break of dissantry within the ANZAC forces coupled with the underestimation of the Turkish forces. This led to an inevitable defeat by the allies.
The War At Sea
Conflict in Heligoland
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Three German ships and a destroyer were sunk, no British ships sunk
Dogger Bank
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German ship destroyed: 700 Germans died, only 15 Brits died
Battle of Jutland
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The British had intercepted and decrypted German radio transmissions and the German plan to lure Beatty's navy across the north sea for an ambush
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Costliest naval battle in WW1, Britain has more casualties and sunken ships but were ready to fight again immediately after the battle, Germany were not however and their navy spent the rest of the war within docks
In November 1914, Britain declared the north sea (on the coast of Germany) a warzone
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Tactics and Technology
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U Boats
The German navy counteracted the British's naval superiority and blockade on the north sea by the use of U-Boats
German U-Boats would often sink British supply ships, limiting the amount of ammunition, food and other vital resources that were transported to Britain
On May 7th, German U-Boats sunk an American passenger-carrying ship; killing over 1000 people. This, along with the Zimmerman Telegram, would be a massive contributing factor towards the USA joining the war
The Brits responded to the U-Boat crisis by surrounding their merchant ships in convoys which was very effective. As well as this, civilians at home were tasked with growing their own food and were persuaded to do so by media at the time