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Baddeley (1965) Coding in STM…
Baddeley (1965)
Coding in STM and LTM
Procedures:
Independent groups heard one word list
Acoustically similar or dissimilar
Semantically similar or dissimilar
Participants shown a list of the words mixed up and asked to recall them in the correct order
Immediately (STM) and after 20mins (LTM)
Group 1: Acoustically similar
Group 2: Acoustically dissimilar
Group 3: Semantically similar
Group 4: Semantically dissimilar
Findings:
STM:
Participants tended to do worse with acoustically similar words
LTM:
Participants did worse with semantically similar words
Conclusion:
Words in STM encoded acoustically
Words in LTM tend to be coded semantically
Evaluation:
S - Semantic and visual coding also exist in STM
W - Lab study - lack ecological validity, can show causality
S - Distinguishes a clear difference between STM and LTM