Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
United States History, Shays Rebellion - Coggle Diagram
United States History
The Constitutional Era
Articles of Confederation
Less Federal Power = Weak Government
No Executive or Judicial Branches
Most power rested with the 13 states
No power to tax or raise an army
1st Constitution of the United States
Post War Economic Recession
Soldiers were unpaid for their military service
A high rate of loan defaults
The Revolutionary Era
Shays Rebellion
Ex soldiers forced the closure of debtors courts
This convinced many of the need of a stronger national government to
protect property rights
Enforce the rule of law
Led to the Philadelphia Convention in 1787
3/5ths Compromise
3 out of 5 slaves would be counted towards a state's population
Counted for purposes of representation in the House of Representatives
Counted for purposes of taxation
Benefits the Southern states
Proposed Plans
Virginia Plan
Proposed by James Madison and Edmund Randolph
Three Branches of Government (Legislative, Executive, Judicial)
Bicameral Legislature (two houses)
Large State Plan
Representation based on a state's population
Small states opposed this plan because they feared it gave the large states too much power
New Jersey Plan
Proposed by William Patterson
Unicameral Legislature (one house)
Three Branches of Government (Legislative, Executive, Judicial)
Small State Plan
Equal Representation for all states
Great Compromise
Three Branches of Government (Legislative, Executive, Judicial)
Bicameral Legislature (two houses)
House of Representatives
Representation based on states population
Senate
Equal representation for all states (2 senators per state)
Creation of the US Constitution
Ratification Debate
Anti-Federalists
George Mason, Samuel Adams, Patrick Henry, Thomas Jefferson
Wrote the Anti-Federalist Writings
Essays written in response to the Federalist Papers
Did not want to get rid of the Articles of Confederation
Wanted the states to keep their power
Wanted the Legislative Branch to be the strongest
2 more items...
Federalists
Wanted to get rid of the Articles of Confederation and create the Constitution
Strong central government that had more power than the states
A powerful Executive Branch
1 more item...
James Madison, John Jay and Alexander Hamilton
Wrote the Federalist Papers
85 Essays written in Support of the Constitution
9 out of the 13 states MUST ratify the Constitution before it becomes the law of the land
Bill of Rights
1st Amendment
: Freedom of Religion, Assembly, Petition, Press and Speech
4th Amendment
: Unreasonable Search and Seizure
2nd Amendment
: Right to Bear Arms
3rd Amendment
: Not Quarter Soldiers
5th Amendment
: Due Process
6th Amendment
: Right to a Speedy Trial
7th Amendment
: Trial by Jury
10th Amendment
: States' Rights
9th Amendment
: Rights Not Listed in the Constitution
8th Amendment
: No Cruel or Unusual Punishment
Principles of Government
Republicanism:
People elect their representatives and give them consent to make laws
Limited Government
: The constitution limits the actions of the government by specifically listing its powers
Federalism
: Power is divided between federal and state governments
Separation of Powers
: Each branch of government has its own responsibilities
Individual Rights
: Basic liberties and rights that all citizens are guaranteed
Checks and Balances
: Each branch of the government has some control over the other; no one branch is more powerful than the other
Popular Sovereignty
: WE THE PEOPLE; the people give the government power with our consent; this is a mutual contract