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Mozart's 40th/Beethoven's 5th - Coggle Diagram
Mozart's 40th/Beethoven's 5th
Symphony Form
Both Mozart and Beethoven make use of the normal fast, slow, minuet and trio, and then fast again with slight differences.
Mozart
Mvmt 2. Slow and graceful (AABABA Form)
Mvmt 3. Minuet and Trio
Mvmt 1. Sonata Form
Mvmt 4. Modified Sonata Form
Mozart makes use of the Sonata form but in an odd way, we hear the entire exposition and its repeat as we would in sonata form, followed by the development and recapitulation and then a repeat of the development and recapitulation.
Beethoven
Mvmt 2.Modified Theme and Variations
Mvmt 3. Scherzo and Trio
Beethoven uses a scherzo and trio form in the third movement with a heavily modified ending. Instead of the usual repeat of the scherzo, we hear a variation on it using woodwinds and plucked strings. Beethoven also breaks from the form by extending the movement after the scherzo that leads directly into the final movement. This kind of major deviation from the form is likely something Mozart would not do.
Mvmt 1. Sonata
Mvmt 4. Sonata
Over all Mozart and Beethoven use the Symphony form in a similar way, they both use the general outline of fast, slow, minuet and trio, and fast. However slight variations on the form give these pieces distinct differences with Mozart using a slight modified version of sonata from as the final movement of his symphony and Beethoven breaking the mold in his third movement using an abstraction of scherzo and trio form.
Musical Content
Beethoven
Mvmt 2. The second movement is lighter and slow than the first but still commands the same attention of the listener with it large crescendos and powerful themes.
Mvmt 3. The third movement is a serious and substantial, using as mentioned above a theme that takes inspiration from the Mozart symphony. This movement is also famous for its break from form to provide one of the most acclaimed musical transitions of all time.
Mvmt 1. The first movement begins with the commanding motif that we here throughout the rest of the symphony. The second theme is introduced with the use of a fortissimo bridge from the horns.
Mvmt 4. The finally of the symphony is triumphant and exciting. The piece end with the theme of each piece followed by 29 bars of C Major Chords that were said to ground the extremely long piece. (Lumen Learning)
The overall theme of Beethoven's fifth symphony is power. many of the movements have a sense of power behind them at times even breaking from the forms of the classical era to display it.
Mozart
Mvmt 2. The second movement uses soft strings and subtle chromatic ideas to create a sense of gracefulness.
Mvmt 3. This movement is a classic minuet and trio.
Mvmt 1. The first movement of this piece begins with the listener surrounded by the turbulence of the strings feeling as though we had just entered a piece that was already started. The movement continues into the development which holds many tricks for the listener as Mozart feigns the recapitulation many times.
Mvmt 4. The final movement of this piece sounds violent and uneasy. The opening theme of this movement seemed to have influenced Beethoven as the similarity between it and the theme of the third movement of Beethoven fifth is apparent. This is backed up by a notebook of Beethoven's having 29 measures of this movement transcribed.
The overall theme of this piece seems to be a "duality between dark and light"(Schwarm) or "emotion and control"(Tarantino) that leads to an uneasy and anxious feeling throughout the symphony.
The musical content of the two symphonies differ and are comparable in many ways. Firstly both pieces are in a minor key however Beethoven's in my opinion does not feel that way. Beethoven's symphony is emblematic of power, where as Mozart's constantly rides the line between sorrow and joy. They also use the same general form of the classical sonata however both composers break from the mold, although Beethoven does this in a more grand way than Mozart. There is also the influence of Mozart within Beethoven's symphony's third movement. The theme uses the same intervals seen in Mozart's theme from the four movement of his 40th symphony.