Improve Children's Self-Efficacy
1) provide instruction in specific learning strategies, such as highlighting, summarizing, & outlining, to enable students to focus on a task
2) help students make short-term, as well as long-term, goals, guiding them to evaluate their progress by regularly providing feedback
3) make reinforcement contingent on performance of specific tasks; reward students for mastery of a task rather than mere engagement in one
4) give encouragement: "I know you can do this."
5) provide positive adult & peer role models who demonstrate efficacious behavior--coping with challenging tasks, setting goals, using strategies, monitoring their effectiveness, & evaluating performance