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Industrial design - Coggle Diagram
Industrial design
Lines
Guide lines and construction lines are drawn very lightly. Construction lines are used to block in drawings, while guide lines are used for lettering. They may be erased, if necessary, after they have served their purpose.
Border lines are the heaviest line used in drafting. Just as the name suggests, border lines represent the border created for the drawing.
Object lines or visible lines are used to outline the visible edges of the object being drawn. They should be drawn so that the views stand out clearly on the drawing. All of the visible object lines on the drawing should be the same darkness. Object lines are dark lines but a bit lighter than border lines.
Dimension lines are usually capped at each end with arrowheads and are placed between two extension lines. The dimension line is a light line but a bit darker than construction lines.
Extension lines are the same darkness as dimension lines. It extends the dimension beyond the outline of the view so that the dimension can be read easily.
Hidden lines are used to show the hidden features of the object. It is drawn the same darkness as a object line and is composed of short lines approximately 1/8 in. long separated by spaces approximately 1/16 in.
Center lines are used to indicate the center of symmetrical objects. It is a dark line which is a bit lighter than an object line composed of alternate long (3/4 in.) and short (1/8 in.) dashes.
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Format (sizes)
A series: The international paper size standard, ISO 216, is based on the German DIN 476 standard for paper sizes. The base A0 size of paper is defined as having an area of 1 m2.
Scale: Ratio of the linear dimension of an element of an object as represented in the original drawing to the real dimension of the same element of the object itself.
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Enlargement scale :A scale where the ratio is larger then 1 : 1. It is said to be larger as its ratio increases.
Reduction scale : A scale where the ratio is smaller than 1 : 1. It is said to be smaller as its ratio decreases.
Dimensioning
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Systems of dimensioning
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Combined dimensions: It uses both, chain and parallel dimensioning.
Chained dimensioning: Multiple dimensions measured from the previous extension line. They are placed end to end.
Three dimensional design
Three dimensional designs involve the design and prototyping of functional consumer products, objects, jewelry and accessories, models, furniture, interiors and environments (civic, public and commercial spaces).